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Oral Histology > Ex 2- Oral Mucosa Sensations (Travers) > Flashcards

Ex 2- Oral Mucosa Sensations (Travers) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three parts of the dorsal tongue?

A

Body
Terminal Sulcus
Root

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2
Q

The body mucosa of the dorsal tongue is derived from branchial arch ___ and the root mucosa is from branchial arch ___

A

1

3

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3
Q

Most of the epithelium of the dorsal tongue is _______ except in a few key locations

A

keratinized

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4
Q

The lamina propria of the dorsal tongue is ______

A

flexible

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5
Q

The dorsal tongue does not contain what layer?

A

submucosa

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6
Q

The dorsal tongue contains numerous ______ giving it a rough surface.

A

papillae

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7
Q

Some papillae are _____ ____ and others are innervated by _________ nerve endings

A

taste buds

somatosensory

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8
Q

Sensation is ______ confined to tongue

A

NOT (in mucosa as well)

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9
Q

Oral mucosa is densely _____ with a variety of sensations. Taste buds are innervated by CN ____, ____, ____

A

innervated

VII, IX, X

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10
Q

CN ___ supplies the anterior mouth

A

V

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11
Q

CN ____ supplies the posterior tongue and pharynx

A

IX

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12
Q

A ____ and A _____ fibers supply touch sensation

A

Abeta + Adelta

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13
Q

____ fibers supply a warming sensation

A

C

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14
Q

A _____ supply a cooling sensation

A

Adelta

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15
Q

What 2 fibers supply a painful sensation?

A

Adelta

C fibers

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16
Q

______ _____ is a somatosensory associated with large axons (A beta) and terminates in the superficial lamina propria btw rete pegs. Complexes of nerve endings encapsulated by non-neuronal Schwann cells

A

Meissner Corpuscles

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17
Q

Meissner Corpuscles role in perception is ______ and _____

A

flutter and motion

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18
Q

______ _____ is associated with large axons (Abeta) and terminate at the apices of rete pegs. Complexes of nerve ends and specialized epithelial.

A

Merkel Receptors

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19
Q

Merkel cells synapse on primary ________ neurons

A

afferent

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20
Q

Both Meisnner & Merkel receptors have ____ thresholds (highly sensitive) but differ in their response to the ______ aspects of the stimulus

A

low

dynamic

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21
Q

Merkel ends are _____ adapting. The respond both to the changing aspects AND static phases of the stimulus

A

slowly

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22
Q

Meisnner’s endings are _____ adapting and respond only to changing aspects of the stimulus

A

rapidly

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23
Q

Neither Merkel nor Meisnner mechanoreceptors can code ____ sensations bc their dynamic range does NOT extend to the noxious

A

painful

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24
Q

________ are a separate population of fibers that code for painful sensations. These include free nerve endings that can end in lamina propria OR epithelium

A

Nociceptors

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25
Q

What are the 2 types of Nociceptors?

A

Adelta

C fibers

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26
Q

What are the main functions of the taste system?

A
  • Detects chemicals in food
  • Dist. btw nutritive/non-nutritive
  • Detect harmful substances
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27
Q

There are ____ classes of taste _______ to detect 5 classes of stimuli

A

5

receptors

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28
Q

What are the 5 classes of taste receptors that detect the 5 classes of stimuli?

A 
Sugars (sweet)
Amino acids (umami)
Salts (salty)
Acids (sour)
Varied; alkaloid, purine base, glycosides (bitter)
29
Q

Sensation of spiciness NOT dependent on taste system rather, part of ____ system, dependent on _____ receptors

A

pain

TRP

30
Q

______ _____ are goblet-shaped clusters of 40-60 cells at right angles to the basal lamina extending to the surface, containing microvilli and taste pores

A

Taste buds

31
Q

There are _____ _____ fibers at the base of some bud cells make _______ with these fibers

A

primary afferent

synapses

32
Q

There are a total of ______ taste buds in the mouth

A

8,000

33
Q

_____% of taste buds are on the tongue ____% on pharynx and larynx and ____% on soft palate

A

68
27
5

34
Q

________ papillae are on the dorsal anterior tongue, innervated by chorda tympani branch of CN ____ (branchial arch __)

A

Fungiform
VII
2

35
Q

Fungiform papillae contain approx. ______ taste buds. Most numerous at the tip of the tongue to monitor food entering the mouth

A

1600

36
Q

Fungiform papillae are derived from branchial arch ____

A

1

37
Q

Fungiform papillae are _______ shaped located among the more numerous ______ papillae

A

mushroom

filiform

38
Q

The keratin layer of fungiform papillae is interrupted at ____ and between ______

A

pore

filiforms

39
Q

Taste buds of fungiform papillae are located on the _____ surface

A

dorsal

40
Q

How many taste buds do each fungiform papillae typically have?

A

around 3

41
Q

________ papillae are spine-shaped and heavily keratinized. Do NOT contain taste buds.

A

Filiform

42
Q

Filiform papillae are innervated only by _________ fibers

A

somatosensory

43
Q

______ papillae are 2-9 parallel folds in dorsoventral orientation in the lateral aspect of most posterior anterior tongue

A

Foliate

44
Q

Foliate papillae have approx _____ taste buds (densely packed)

A

1300

45
Q

Foliate papillae are innervated by CN ____ from branchial arch ____

A

IX

3

46
Q

Foliate papillae monitor food during _____

A

chewing

47
Q

Foliate and circumvallete papillae are located in the _____ (not on the surface)

A

trenches

48
Q

Foliate and circumvallate papillae are closely associated with _____ _____

A 
salivary glands
(Von Ebner glands)
49
Q

_______ papillae are 8-10 papillae arranged in V on most posterior anterior tongue with a central connective tissue core surrounded by a trench

A

Cirumvallate

50
Q

Circumvallate papillae have approx. ______ taste buds. Monitor food just before _______

A

2400 (densely packed)

swallowing

51
Q

Circumvallate papillae are innervated by CN ____

A

IX

52
Q

Despite the fact different subsets of taste buds are located in distinct oropharyngeal regions, are innervated by diff CN and can be associated with distinct papillae, taste buds are generally functionally ______ in their ability to sense _____ tastes

A

redundant

different

53
Q

The taste buds on the _____ respond to deviations from ______ indicating that they signal to protect the airway

A

larynx (epiglottis)

isotonicity (response to H2O)

54
Q

_____ substances taste more intense when in contact with the posterior taste buds

A

Bitter

55
Q

Regional differences in taste sensitivity is ______ NOT absolute

A

relative

56
Q

Single fungiform papillae can usually detect more than _____ quality

A

one

57
Q

The functional redundancy of the taste system makes it ______ in the face of partial taste loss

A

resilient (CNS can compensate for partial loss)

58
Q

When the chorda tympani nerve is anesthetized taste stimuli are undetectable on the side of hte tongue _______ to anesthesia

A

ipsilateral

59
Q

When chorda tympani is bilaterally anesthetized this produces _____ effects on “whole-mouth” perception

A

minimal

60
Q

The number of taste papillae______ greatly between individual. The number of taste papillae declines _____ with age, smoking, alcohol use

A

varies

slightly

61
Q

______ tend to have more taste papillae than ______

A

women

men

62
Q

Individuals have differences in taste ______; the ability to taste specific classes of molecules or qualities

A

perception

63
Q

Fox discovered marked individual differences in the ability to taste ____and the bimodal dsitribution of thresholds indicated it is an ______ trait

A

bitter (PTC)

inherited

64
Q

Bitter receptors ______ is a 30 member family of G-protein coupled receptors. Each receptor detects a limited range of bitter compounds

A

ts2r

65
Q

tas2r receptor for PTC - tas2r28 sensitivity is largely due to substitutions in ______ ______

A

amino acids

66
Q

________ contain many bitter-tasting substances and plant compounds appear to be natural ligands for _____. Vegetables containing _______ are more bitter to people homozygous for PTC sensitive tas2r

A

Vegetable
tas2r38
Glucosinolates

67
Q

People with more sweet receptors have ______ sensitivity while people with fewer receptors have ______ sensitivity due to promoter region differences that cause sweet receptors to be transcribed

A

increased

decreased

68
Q

Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to individual variation in taste _______ and ______

A

sensitivity

preference

69
Q

The sense of taste affects what and how much we eat and thus have great potential to affect bother general and _____ health

A

oral

Oral Histology (16 decks)

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