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Oral Histology > Ex 1- Amelogenesis > Flashcards

Ex 1- Amelogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

Enamel is a composite _______ mineral with apatite crystals oriented in a complex 3D pattern

A

biological

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2
Q

Amelogenesis occurs _______ dentinogenesis during the crown stage of odontogenesis

A

after

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3
Q

Although dentin must be present for enamel to form, it is also true that _________ must be present in order for dentinogenesis to occur

A

ameloblasts

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4
Q

_______ _____ occurs between epithelial cells of the enamel organ and mesenchymal cells of the dental papilla ie ameloblasts must be present for dentinogensis to occur

A

reciprocal induction

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5
Q

Unlike the other 3 mineralized tissues, enamel does not have an __________ preenamel phase

A

unmineralized

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6
Q

The structurally indentifying majority part of enamel (rod, rod sheath, and interrod substance) is formed as a _____ step process

A

two

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7
Q

The _____ step of amelogensis is secretion of an immature or partially mineralized (___ % inorganic, ____% organic and H2O) enamel

A

first
30
70

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8
Q

Once the width of this type of enamel has been deposited in an area, the ____ step of amelogensis occurs. It involves significant influx of additional mineral coincident with the removal of _____ material and _____. This area of enamel is described as having _______ and ______ phases

A 
second
organic
H2O
secretory
maturative
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9
Q

What are the 3 things that are required for enamel (all 3 mineralized tissues) to be formed?

A
  1. specialized cell
  2. alkaline phosphatase
  3. rich blood supply
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10
Q

The specialized cell of enamel is the ______ a differentiated _____ cell of the enamel organ

A

ameloblast

inner

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11
Q

Alkaline phosphatase is located in the _______ _______ layer of the enamel organ

A

stratum intermedium

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12
Q

Rich blood supply is located in the ______ ______ part of the tooth germ

A

dental follicle

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13
Q

Cells at the _____ most area of the inner layer of the enamel organ are the first to differentiate into ________. The process continues apical toward the ______ _____ of the enamel organ

A

coronal
ameloblasts
coronal loops

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14
Q

The acellular or clear layer of dental papilla is the future site of the ______

A

DEJ

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15
Q

What are the 3 main stages of amelogenesis?

A
  1. Presecretory
  2. Secretory
  3. Postsecretory
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16
Q

What are the 2 phases of the presecretory stage?

A
  1. Morphogenetic

2. Histodifferentiation of ameloblasts

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17
Q

Ameloblasts differentiate _____ odontoblasts but dentin is mineralized _______ enamel

A

before

before

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18
Q

What are the 6 phases of the secretory stage?

A
  1. Inner immediately mineralized secretrion
  2. Interrod substance secretion
  3. Rod secretion
  4. Maturation phase
  5. Outer immediately mineralized secretion
  6. Final ameloblast secretion phase
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19
Q

What is the phase of the postsecretory stage?

A

Protective phase; reduced

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20
Q

During the presecretory stage _______ phase a clear or _______ layer is seen between the inner cells of the enamel organ and peripheral cells of the dental papilla

A

morphogenetic

acelllular

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21
Q

During the presecretory stage _________ phase an area of inner cells where differentiation begins from here it proceeds _______

A

histodifferentiation

cervically

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22
Q

During the presecretory stage histodifferentation phase seen along the acellular layer of the tooth germ are forming _______,_______ (columnar epithelial cells)

A

odontoblasts

ameloblasts

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23
Q

During the secretory stage _______ _________ phase an ultra-thin layer of inner ______ or structureless enamels that is ________ mineralized upon secretion is formed. The distal ends of ameloblasts are _______ or even here

A

inner mineralized
rodless
immediately
smooth

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24
Q

During the secretory stage Phase 2 _____ ______ ______ the distal end of the ameloblast changes from a smooth to a _______ process

A

Interrod substance secretion

Tomes’

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25
Q

Tomes’ processes of adjacent ameloblasts secrete the _____ substance that encircles _____ processes

A

Interrod

Tomes’

26
Q

______ _____ is the space initially occupied by Tomes’ process

A

Tomes’ pit

27
Q

Interrod substance is _____ mineralized (immature enamel) ____% organic and water and ____% inorganic. Walls of the pits are surrounded by the ______ substance of enamel

A

partially
70
30
interrod

28
Q

The structural unit of enamel is _____

A

rod

29
Q

1 ameloblast forms __ rod

A

1

30
Q

2 or more ameloblasts from ________ substance

A

interrod

31
Q

During the secretory stage rod secretion phase, Tome’s processes move out of the pit as the ________ move toward the future enamel surface.

A

ameloblasts

32
Q

As the Tomes’ process withdraws it secretes a _____ ____ ____ into the pit. This continues until the length of the immature interrod substance and rod is reached

A

partially mineralized rod

33
Q

Tome’s processes are at the______ end of the ameloblats next to partially mineralized (immature) enamel which indicate we are in the _____ _____ phase

A

distal

rod secretory

34
Q

Before maturation phase beings, the rod and interrod enamel is ______ ______ having a _____ percentage of organic substance and H2O ___% and inorganic ____% and Tomes’ process is the _____ end of the ameloblast

A 
partially mineralized (immature)
higher
70
30
distal
35
Q

During the secretory stage maturation phase the distal end of the ameloblast alternates between an even or _____ edge and ______ or ruffled edge

A

smooth

uneven

36
Q

When the edge is _____ or ____ the ameloblast is resorbing or removing organic material and water

A

even

smooth

37
Q

When the edge is _____ or _____ the ameloblast is secreting; mineral salts (inorganic) into the partially mineralized enamel

A

uneven

ruffled

38
Q

Maturation is complete when the percentages are ___% inorganic, ___% organic, ___% H2O

A

96
1
3

39
Q

______, the early stages and phases are occurring

A

Apically

40
Q

During the secretory stage maturation phase the distal end of the ameloblast alternates btw an even configuration to an uneven or ruffled border. This means that the Tomes’ process is ____ ______ present

A

no longer

41
Q

During the secretory stage _____ mineralized phase the outer rodless enamel is formed. This enamel is mineralized ______

A

outer

immediately

42
Q

Rodless enamel is NOT secreted by tomes’ processes bc they do NOT contain ______ ____

A

enamel rods

43
Q

The _____ _____enamel is the last mineralized secretion of ameloblasts but NOT its _____ secretion

A

outer rodless

final

44
Q

During the secretory stage final ameloblast secretion phase the ____ _____ is formed

A

basal lamina

45
Q

The basal lamina is the final secretion of ______ and is a non-mineralized strcuture

A

ameloblasts

46
Q

Outer rodless enamel is the final _______ secretion of the ______

A

mineralized

ameloblasts

47
Q

During the postsecretory stage _____ phase _____ ______ epithelium is formed as a remnant of enamel organ and is the protector of enamel until the tooth enters the _____ _____

A

protective
reduced enamel
oral cavity

48
Q

The ___ cell layers of enamel organ come together to form the ____ _____ _____ cavity

A

4

reduced enamel epithelium

49
Q

The reduced enamel epithelium is the protective layer of the enamel that becomes the _______ ______ during emergence of tooth into oral

A

junctional epithelium

50
Q

The reduced enamel epithelium is attached to the enamel surface by the _____ ______ the final secretion of the ameloblast

A

basal lamina

51
Q

The maturation phase, for each permanent tooth, from initiation to completion takes approximately ___ years

A

5

52
Q

Mature enamel:
__% inorganic
__% organic
___% H2O

A

96
1
3

53
Q

Immature or partially mineralized enamel:
__% inorganic
__% organic + H2O

A

30

70

54
Q

The initial mineralizaton of primary teeth is ___ - ____ wks IU

A

15-19 wks IU

55
Q

The completed mineralization of primary teeth is __-__ months PN

A

2-11 months

56
Q

The initial mineralization of permanent teeth is from ____ - _____ years

A

Birth-9 years

57
Q

The completed mineralization of permanent teeth is from ___ - ____ years

A

5-14 years

58
Q

_____ ______ _____ is a remnant of the enamel organ in the crown area and protector of enamel

A

reduced enamel epithelium

59
Q

______ ______ is the final secretion from ameloblasts

A

basal lamina

60
Q

_____ ______ enamel is the last mineralized secretion of ameloblasts

A

outer rodless

61
Q

_____ ______ enamel is the initial mineralized secretion of ameloblasts

A

inner rodless

Oral Histology (16 decks)

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