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PE > Ethical and socio-cultural issues in physical activity and sport (drugs, hooliganism/spectator behaviour) > Flashcards

Ethical and socio-cultural issues in physical activity and sport (drugs, hooliganism/spectator behaviour) Flashcards

1
Q

Disadvantages of taking performance enhancing drugs (PEDs)

A 
>if caught, stripped off medals/ prizes
>if caught, lose sponsorship contract
>lead to ban
>seriuos side effects and health risks
>reputation and credibility of sport is damaged
>cheating and unethical
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2
Q

Why take drugs to enhance performance?

A 
>increased chance of success
>create a level playing field
>recover quickly from injury
>wealth
>fame from winning
>improve physical characteristics
> pressure from others to compete immoraly
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3
Q

What athletes benefit from PEPTIDE HORMONES?

epo

A

> endurance events

>marathons

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4
Q

What are performance enhancing drugs?

PED

A

substances or methods used by athletes to improve their performances often with harmful side effects which are all banned

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5
Q

Effects of ANABOLIC STEROIDS

A

build muscle/ bone mass increasing strength and allows harder training

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6
Q

Atheletes who will benefit from ANABOLIC STERIODS

A

> weight lifter

>100m sprinter

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7
Q

Effects of BETA BLOCKERS

A

lowers your heart rate and reduces anxiety levels

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8
Q

Athletes who would benefit from BETA BLOCKERS

A

> archery

>snooker

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9
Q

Effect of DIURETICS

A

increases the amount of urine produced which helps weight loss

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10
Q

What athletes would benefit from DIURECTICS

A

> jockey

>boxer

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11
Q

Effect of NARCOTIC ANALGESICS

A

help reduce pain, especially during excersise

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12
Q

What athletes benefit from NARCOTIC ANALGESICS

A

> swimmer
boxer
rugby

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13
Q

Effect of STIMULANTS

A

increase alertness and overcome tiredness

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14
Q

What athletes benefit from STIMULANTS

A

> tennis players

>footballer

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15
Q

Effect of PEPTIDE HORMONES epo

A

increases the number of red blood cells which provides more oxygen and increases muscle mass

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16
Q

Side effects of taking ANABOLIC STEROIDS

A 
>liver cancer
>infertility
>hairloss
>acne
>aggression
>depression
>high blood pressure, heart attack, heart disease
17
Q

Side effects of taking BETA BLOCKERS

A

> nausea
heart disease
tiredness

18
Q

Side effects of taking DIURECTICS

A

> dehydration
increased risk of heart and kidney failure
risk or muscle cramps
headaches/ tiredness

19
Q

Side effects of NARCOTIC ANALGESICS

A

> respiratory depression
increased risk of constipation
addictive
increased pain may lead to further injury

20
Q

What is a drug?

A

a substance that has physiological effect when ingested or otherwise introduced into the body

21
Q

Side effects of STIMULANTS?

A 
>increased risk of headaches
>high blood pressure
>risk of strokes
>risk of irregular heart beat
>risk of anxiety
>addictive and overdose can kill you
>cause poor judgement leading to accidents
22
Q

Side effects of PEPTIDE HORMONES

A

> blood becomes more viscous
increased risk of heart attack
increased risk of stroke and embolism (blockage in the blood vessel)

23
Q

What is BLOOD DOPING?

A

1) remove blood a couple weeks before competition
2) freeze the blood
3) human blood replenishes in the mean time
4) 1-2 days before competetion the frozen blood is thawed and reinjected
5) the body now has more thicker and more blood carrying more o2

24
Q

Dangers of BLOOD DOPING?

A

> thickening of blood- overincreasing blood volume
potential for heart attack
potential infection from needles
blocking of blood vessels

25
Q

Benefits of BLOOD DOPING

A

> more red blood cells
increased capacity to carry oxygen
endurance for long distance athletes

26
Q

Positives of SPECTATOR BEHAVIOUR

A

> creates an energetic atmosphere
helps to boost home field advantage for home team with a positive chant or song to demotivate the away team
a source of revenue for the club/ team/ sport
increase the profile of the sport

27
Q

Negatives of SPECTATOR BEHAVIOUR

A

> cause crowd trouble/ hooliganism/ violence
pressure on teams/ performers
scare of younger performers- reducing the number of young performers that take part in events with big crowds
cost implications if crowd trouble
which can lead to bad reputation on the club
>less people will attend so less income
>may create the team being banned from an event or fined

28
Q

What is HOOLIGANISM?

A

the disorderly, aggressive and often violent behavior by spectators at sporting events

29
Q

What is a HOME FIELD ADVANATAGE?

A

gaining an advantage in a sporting event from being in familiar surroundings, with the majority of the spectators supporting you

30
Q

What causes hooliganism?

A

> big rivalry between other teams
media hype if its an important game
alcohol/ drugs
frustration eg from losing a local derby leads to fights
display of masculinity to impress others

31
Q

Strategies to prevent hooliganism

A

> alcohol restrictions in and around the stadium
travel restriction and banning orders on known trouble makers
all seater stadia to prevent crowd surges and crushes
segregation of fans in sperate parts of the stadium and the away fans are normally escorted by the police
improved security with video surveillance, searches on entry, stewards
educating spectators with promotional campaigns to encourage good behaviour
early kick offs to reduce the alcohol consumption

32
Q

What is ETIQUETTE?

A

A convention or unwritten rule in an activity. Not enforcable but demonstrates respect for the sport and their opponents

33
Q

Examples of ETIQUETTE?

A

> kicking the ball out of play in football when a player is injured
shaking hands with the official after the game

34
Q

What is SPORTSMANSHIP?

A

conforming to the rules, spirit and etiquette of the sport- being gracious whether you win or lose

35
Q

Examples of SPORTSMANSHIP?

A

> in cricket a batsman will ‘walk’ when they know they have hit the ball and been caught even if the umpire didnt see
indicating the ball came off you last before going out of play

36
Q

What is GAMESMANSHIP?

A

attempting to gain an advantage by streching the rules to their limit

37
Q

Examples of GAMESMANSHIP?

A

> time wasting in a sport

>pretending to be injured in football so the ball is kicked out of play

38
Q

What is CONTRACT TO COMPETE?

A

an unwritten agreement between opponents ti follow and abide by the written rules of the sport

39
Q

Examples of CONTRACT TO COMPETE

A 
>not arguing with officials
>following the etiquette of the sport
>play to the best of your ability
>not take peds
>avoid unsportsmanlike behaviour

PE (12 decks)

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