Ethanol

Question 1

Class

Answer 1

Cellular depressant

Question 2

Mechanism of action

Answer 2

Binds to GABA A receptor
and increases effects of
the inhibitory
neurotransmitter GABA.

Question 3

Clinical use

Answer 3

Antiseptic properties
Antidote to methanol
and ethylene glycol
poisoning

Question 4

Adverse effects

Answer 4

Loss of balance
GI diseases
Addiction
Cirrhosis

Question 5

Roles of ethanol

Answer 5

sedative and antiinfective

Question 6

which receptors does ethanol bind to

Answer 6

receptors for acetylcholine, serotonin, GABA, and the NMDA receptors

Question 7

how are the sedative effects of ethanol mediated

Answer 7

through binding to GABA receptors and glycine receptors (alpha 1 and alpha 2 subunits)

Question 8

explain ethanols anti-infective role

Answer 8

as it acts as a dehydrating agent that disrupts the osmotic balance across cell membranes.

Question 9

what has replaced ethanol as the first line treatment for methanol/ethylene glycol poisoning

Answer 9

fomepizole