Essentials Ch 2

Question 1

T/ F Most fatalities, injuries and illness in the fire service are preventable?

Answer 1

True

Pg 46

Question 2

What was the leading cause of deaths in 2010?

Answer 2

Stress or overexertion (including heart attacks and strokes).
Pg 46

Question 3

What are the leading types of injuries sustained to firefighters?

Answer 3

Strains / Sprains followed by cuts and bruises

Pg 46

Question 4

Cardiovascular diseases are the _______ cause of firefighter fatalities, accounting for _____ percent of LODDs.

Answer 4

Leading / 45%

Pg 49

Question 5

What are 4 work-related causes for cardiovascular diseases?

Answer 5

Exposure to smoke and chemicals
Heat stress from fires and high temps
Psychological stress
Long, irregular work hours
Pg 49

Question 6

What are nonwork related causes of cardiovascular diseases?

Answer 6

Obesity, tobacco use and lack of physical fitness

Pg 50

Question 7

In the general population, respiratory diseases are typically caused by smoking. But firefighters are also exposed to smile, gases and chemicals (such as _______ and _______) that can cause chronic respiratory diseases.

Answer 7

CO / phosgene - the only way to avoid such is to wear proper PPE
Pg 50

Question 8

Chemicals found in smoke that contribute to COPD?

Answer 8

CO
Sulfur dioxide
Hydrogen chloride
Phosgene
Nitrogen oxides
Aldehydes
Particulates
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Question 9

List the four types of cancers firefighters are at greater risk of contracting?

Answer 9

Testicular Cancer
Prostate Cancer
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
Multiple Myeloma (bone marrow)
Pg 51

Question 10

Obesity facts - study found that up to _____ percent of firefighters nationwide are overweight, ____ percent above the national average.

Answer 10

40% / 6%

Overweight puts a person at higher risk of
Type 2 Diabetes
Coronary Heart Disease
Stroke
Hypertension
Cancers (breast, colorectal, endometrial and kidney)

Question 11

One long term consequence of stress is ______.

Answer 11

Hypertension; one effective method to mitigate the effects of stress is develop a ‘personal stress management program’.
Pg 52

Question 12

NFPA standards established for protective clothing and equipment:

Answer 12

NFPA 1971 - Standard on Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire Fighting
NFPA 1975 - Standard on Station/Work Uniforms for Emergency Services
NFPA 1977 - Standard on Protective Clothing and Equipment for Wildland Fire Fighting
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Question 13

NFPA standards defining safe training practices and programs:

Answer 13

NFPA 1403 Standard on Live Fire Training Evolutions
NFPA 1404 Standard for Fire Service Respiratory Protection Training
NFPA 1407 Standard for Training Fire Service RIC
NFPA 1410 Standard for Training for Initial Emergency Scene Operations
NFPA 1451 Standard for a Fire Service Vehicle Operations Training Program

Question 14

NFPA standards for the care and maintenance of personal and respiratory protective equipment:

Answer 14

NFPA 1851 Standard on Selection, Care and Maintenance of Protective Ensembles for Structural Fire Fighting and Proximity Fire Fighting
NFPA 1981 Standard on Open-Circuit SCBA for Emergency Services

Question 15

NFPA standards to establish safety programs:

Answer 15

NFPA 1581 Standard on Fire Department Infection Control Program
NFPA 1582 Standard on Comprehensive Occupational Medical Program for FDs
NFPA 1584 Standard on the Rehab Process for Members During Emergency Operations and Training Exercises

Question 16

What is the most comprehensive NFPA standard dealing with firefighter safety and health?

Answer 16

NFPA 1500 Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program; the basic concept of NFPA 1500 is to promote safety throughout the fire service

Question 17

NFPA 1500 includes topics (for safety / health):

Answer 17

Safety / Health related policies and procedures
Training and education
Fire apparatus, equipment, and driver/operators
Protective clothing and protective equipment
Emergency Operations (IMS, risk management plan)
Facility Safety
Medical and physical requirements
Member assistance and wellness programs (EAP)
CISM program

Question 18

OSHA’s regulations are contained in:

Answer 18

Title 29, Chapter XVII of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR); are designed to ensure the workplaces are free from hazards that can cause death or serious injury (has materials, emergency operations, and PPE).
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Question 19

Everyone Goes Home is what?

Answer 19

The 16 Firefighter Life Safety Initiatives created by The National Fallen Firefighters Foundation with a goal of reducing LODDs by 25% within 5 yrs and 50% within 10 yrs.
Pg 61

Question 20

The Phoenix Fire Dept Risk Model Simplified is (based on NFPA 1500 requiring a risk management plan):

Answer 20

Risk a lot to save a lot
Risk a little to save a little
Risk nothing to save nothing
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Question 21

To comply with NFPA 1500, fire departments must implement a firefighter safety and health program, whose main goals are to:

Answer 21

1. Prevent human suffering, fatalities, injuries, illnesses, and exposures to hazardous atmospheres and contagious diseases.
2. Prevent damage to or loss of equipment.
3. Reduce accidents and hazardous exposures, and their severity

Question 22

What is the second leading cause for LODDs?

Answer 22

Motor vehicle accidents

Pg 66

Question 23

When does safe vehicle operations begin?

Answer 23

With situational awareness! The perception of the surrounding environment, and the ability to anticipate future events.
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Question 24

Multiple emergency vehicles should travel at least _____ to ____ feet apart.

Answer 24

300 - 500 ft

Pg 70

Question 25

Total stopping distance includes:

Answer 25

Reaction distance + vehicle breaking distance

Question 26

What vital skill must all firefighters develop to recognize potential threats?

Answer 26

Situational Awareness

Pg 80

Question 27

On Roadway incidents, your first form of protection to to be ______ to the drivers of passing vehicles by wearing ______ ____.

Answer 27

Visible / high-visibility vests

Pg 80

Question 28

To meet NFPA standards a high-visible vest must have:

Answer 28

Reflective train and five-point breakaway fasteners (shoulders, side and waist).
Pg 80

Question 29

Roadway incidents place an additional apparatus as a barrier ____ to ____ feet behind the first.

Answer 29

150 - 200 ft apart

Pg 81

Question 30

What is the best way to secure a scene of a roadway incident?

Answer 30

Establishing control zones - cordoned off with rope/tape. (Hot, warm and cold zones).
Pg 83

Question 31

The goal of scene management is to create a work area in which emergency responders can:

Answer 31

Perform their duties safely and effectively

Pg 83

Question 32

When are collapse zones established?

Answer 32

Prolonged heat or fire has weakened the structure
A defensive strategy has been adopted
Interior operations cannot be justified
Pg 84

Question 33

Traditionally the collapse zone is:

Answer 33

1 1/2 times the height of the structure

Pg 85

Question 34

Where is the safest location for defensive operations when a collapse zone has been established?

Answer 34

The corner of a bldg.

Pg 85

Question 35

To perform the duty of protecting the lives of the people in your community you must first protect yourself through a _______ approach to _____, _____, and ______.

Answer 35

Proactive / safety, health and fitness

Pg 46