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Lt. Study Material > Essentials Ch 17 > Flashcards

Essentials Ch 17 Flashcards

1
Q

Defensive strategy is typically selected given one or more of the following factors:

A

No threat to occupant life exists
Occupants are not savable
The property is not savable
Sufficient resources are not available for an offensive strategy
There is a danger of structural collapse
An offensive strategy would endanger the lives of FFs because of hazardous conditions at the scene
Pg 1006

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2
Q

The defensive strategy is intended to _____ or _____ an incident and keep it from ______.

A

Isolate / stabilize / expanding

Pg 1006

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3
Q

With regards to resource coordination, at the operation progresses, fire attack must also be coordinate with ______ _____, _____ ______ and victim recovery efforts.

A

Loss control, cause determination

Pg 1008

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4
Q

What is the opposite of situational awareness?

A

Having tunnel vision

Pg 1008

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5
Q

Selecting the correct size of hoseline is critical for ______ and _____.

A

Efficiency and safety

Pg 1009

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6
Q

The backup line performs three critical functions by:

A
  1. Protecting the attack hoseline teams from extreme fire behavior
  2. Protecting the means of egress for the attack hoseline team.
  3. Provide additional fire suppression capability in the event that the fire increases in volume.
    Pg 1009
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7
Q

When selecting the proper nozzle, what three factors will dictate the nozzle and stream selection?

A 
Fire conditions
Available water supply
Number of firefighters available to safely operate the hoseline
Capabilities of the nozzle being used
Pg 1009
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8
Q

Depending on the nature and size of the fire, FFs may us a ______, ______ or _______ _____ of attacking the fire.

A

Direct, indirect or combination method

Pg 1013

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9
Q

A ____ _____ on the fire using a solid or straight stream uses water most on free-burning fires.

A

Direct attack - directly on the burning fuel

Pg 1013

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10
Q

This method of attack produces large quantities of steam and must be coordinated with ventilation.

A

Indirect attack - made from outside the structure or involved area.
Pg 1014

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11
Q

A _____ _____ combines cooling the hot gas layer at the ceiling level using an _____ _____ with a ____ ____ on the fuels burning neat the floor area.

A

Combination method / indirect attack / direct attack

Pg 1014

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12
Q

Using a combination method, move the nozzle from the area overhead to the floor in a ____, ______ _____, or ________ manner.

A

Z / inverted T / rotational

Pg 1014

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13
Q

In fires in upper levels of structures always check for fire extension _____ ____ ______ _____ before advancing up the stairs.

A

Below the fire floor

Pg 1016

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14
Q

T / F TICs will provide an accurate assessment of the structural integrity of the floor system.

A

False

Pg 1019

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15
Q

Various factors divided into specific categories will help determine the tactics used during an offensive strategy as follows:

A

VALUE - Life / safety hazards at the scene, savable lives, salvageable property
TIME - time to accomplish selected tactics, potential for collapse and deterioration of structural stability and potential changes in fire conditions
SIZE - tactical flow rates needed to control the fire, available resources, and fire conditions
Pg 1005

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16
Q

Cooling the hot gas layer _____ the transfer of heat to other combustibles and ______ the chances of overhead gases _______.

A

Slows / reduces / igniting
Remember that smoke is fuel.
Pg 1015

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17
Q

To protect exterior exposures either _______ the endangered persons, _______, or items or apply a ______ ______ of water or foam extinguishing agent between the _____ and the _______.

A

Remove / property / protective spray / fire / exposure

Pg 1022

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18
Q

The following are actions consistent with removing the exposure:

A
  1. Evacuating persons who are in the path of fire
  2. Relocating parked vehicles or railroad cars
  3. Using forklifts or other heave equipment to move piled storage
  4. Relocating fire apparatus when fast moving fires have put them in danger
    Pg 1022
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19
Q

The electric meter is the ______ ______ for shutting off the power.

A

Primary location

Pg 1023

20
Q

High voltage _____ Volts

Low Voltage _____ volts

A

Excess of 600 volts
Less than 600 volts - typically 120 volts or less
Pg 1023

21
Q

Most solar panel arrays have _____ _____ _____, one on each side of the _____ _____.

A

Two shutoff switches / power inverter

Pg 1024

22
Q

Natural gas in its pure form is _______, which has a flammability range of ___ to ____ percent but is nontoxic. Natural gas is ______ than air so it tends to _____ and _____ in the open.

A

Methane / 5 - 15% / lighter / rise and diffuse

Pg 1025

23
Q

LPG is about _____ ____ ____ ______ as _____ as air so it will _____ to the lowest point possible.

A

One and a half times / heavy / sink

Pg 1026

24
Q

LPG gas is explosive in concentrations between _____ and _____ percent.

A

1.5 - 10%

Pg 1026

25
Q

Four main uses for a master stream:

A 
Direct attack
Indirect attack
Supplement handlines that are already attacking the fire exteriorly
Provide exposure protection
Pg 1028
26
Q

Class C fires involve ______ _____ _____.

A

Energized electrical equipment

Pg 1031

27
Q

Once the electrical power is _____ _____, Class C fires may _____ _____. If they do continue to burn, these fires will become either a _____ or ______ fires.

A

Shut off / self extinguish / Class A or Class B

Pg 1031

28
Q

Fires in transformers at ground level, use :

A

A dry chemical or carbon dioxide extinguisher

Pg 1033

29
Q

Safe distance for personnel and apparatus for an underground electrical vault is:

A

At least 300 feet

Pg 1034

30
Q

The first rule in dealing with electrical hazards is to assume:

A

That all electrical wires, equipment and devices are energized until proven otherwise
Pg 1035

31
Q

What is an electrical behavior that produces electrical pulses in the ground starting at the point where the power line contacts the earth and expanding out in concentric circles?

A

Ground gradient

Pg 1036

32
Q

Combustible metal fires are very hot (Class D), greater than ______.

A

2000ºF

Pg 1038

33
Q

Attack a vehicle fire with a _____ angle to avoid potential injuries from exploding hydraulic or pneumatic struts.

A

45º angle

Pg 1039

34
Q

Where are Natural gas tanks located in vehicles?

A

Trunk area, under side panels, or in the open bed of pickups

Pg 1043

35
Q

Colored wires to avoid due to electrocution hazards with electric vehicles:

A

Orange, blue and yellow wires

Pg 1045

36
Q

Three main influences on ground cover fire behavior are:

A 
Fuel
Weather
Topography 
Of these weather is most significant
Pg 1049
37
Q

Three basic types of ground fires:

A

Ground fires
Surface fires
Crown fires
Pg 1049

38
Q

Of the three types of ground fires, what is the most common?

A

Surface fire - low lying grass, shrubs etc.
(Ground fires are in the dead organic matter (humus)
(Crown fires are canopy fires that are wind driven -lightening strikes or surface and ground fires are the causes)
Pg 1050

39
Q

LCES stands for:

A

Lookout - know where the fire is and where it’s going
Communications - know who is operating where
Escape Routes - know more than one way out
Safe Zones - know how to quickly to an area of refuge
Pg 1055

40
Q

To accomplish incident priorities (life safety, incident stabilization and property conservation) apply tactics based on RECEO-VS, which stands for:

A 
Rescue
Exposures
Confinement
Extinguishment
Overhaul
Ventilation
Salvage
Pg 1057
41
Q

Two in two out OSHA regulation requires that when two firefighters enter a structure fire that has developed beyond the _____ ______, there must be two fully equipped firefighters to rescue the attack team if necessary.

A

Incipient stage

Pg 1059

42
Q

Hazards common to confined spaces:

A 
Oxygen deficiency
Flammable gases and vapors
Toxic gases
Extreme temperatures
Explosive dusts
Pg 1067
43
Q

_____ fires involve flammable and combustible liquids and gases.

A

Class B

Pg 1068

44
Q

Liquids with flash points of less than 100ºF

A 
Flammable Liquids (gasoline and acetone)
Pg 1068
45
Q

Liquids that have flash points higher than 100ºF

A

Combustible liquids - kerosene and vegetable oil

Pg 1068

46
Q

If a closed container, such as a pressure vessel containing liquids or liquified gases is heated, the liquid inside begins _______. When the liquid reaches its boiling point, it begins to return to its ______ state.

A

Expanding / gaseous

Pg 1070

Lt. Study Material (45 decks)

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