Essentials Ch 17

Question 1

Defensive strategy is typically selected given one or more of the following factors:

Answer 1

No threat to occupant life exists
Occupants are not savable
The property is not savable
Sufficient resources are not available for an offensive strategy
There is a danger of structural collapse
An offensive strategy would endanger the lives of FFs because of hazardous conditions at the scene
Pg 1006

Question 2

The defensive strategy is intended to _____ or _____ an incident and keep it from ______.

Answer 2

Isolate / stabilize / expanding

Pg 1006

Question 3

With regards to resource coordination, at the operation progresses, fire attack must also be coordinate with ______ _____, _____ ______ and victim recovery efforts.

Answer 3

Loss control, cause determination

Pg 1008

Question 4

What is the opposite of situational awareness?

Answer 4

Having tunnel vision

Pg 1008

Question 5

Selecting the correct size of hoseline is critical for ______ and _____.

Answer 5

Efficiency and safety

Pg 1009

Question 6

The backup line performs three critical functions by:

Answer 6

1. Protecting the attack hoseline teams from extreme fire behavior
2. Protecting the means of egress for the attack hoseline team.
3. Provide additional fire suppression capability in the event that the fire increases in volume.
   Pg 1009

Question 7

When selecting the proper nozzle, what three factors will dictate the nozzle and stream selection?

Answer 7

Fire conditions
Available water supply
Number of firefighters available to safely operate the hoseline
Capabilities of the nozzle being used
Pg 1009

Question 8

Depending on the nature and size of the fire, FFs may us a ______, ______ or _______ _____ of attacking the fire.

Answer 8

Direct, indirect or combination method

Pg 1013

Question 9

A ____ _____ on the fire using a solid or straight stream uses water most on free-burning fires.

Answer 9

Direct attack - directly on the burning fuel

Pg 1013

Question 10

This method of attack produces large quantities of steam and must be coordinated with ventilation.

Answer 10

Indirect attack - made from outside the structure or involved area.
Pg 1014

Question 11

A _____ _____ combines cooling the hot gas layer at the ceiling level using an _____ _____ with a ____ ____ on the fuels burning neat the floor area.

Answer 11

Combination method / indirect attack / direct attack

Pg 1014

Question 12

Using a combination method, move the nozzle from the area overhead to the floor in a ____, ______ _____, or ________ manner.

Answer 12

Z / inverted T / rotational

Pg 1014

Question 13

In fires in upper levels of structures always check for fire extension _____ ____ ______ _____ before advancing up the stairs.

Answer 13

Below the fire floor

Pg 1016

Question 14

T / F TICs will provide an accurate assessment of the structural integrity of the floor system.

Answer 14

False

Pg 1019

Question 15

Various factors divided into specific categories will help determine the tactics used during an offensive strategy as follows:

Answer 15

VALUE - Life / safety hazards at the scene, savable lives, salvageable property
TIME - time to accomplish selected tactics, potential for collapse and deterioration of structural stability and potential changes in fire conditions
SIZE - tactical flow rates needed to control the fire, available resources, and fire conditions
Pg 1005

Question 16

Cooling the hot gas layer _____ the transfer of heat to other combustibles and ______ the chances of overhead gases _______.

Answer 16

Slows / reduces / igniting
Remember that smoke is fuel.
Pg 1015

Question 17

To protect exterior exposures either _______ the endangered persons, _______, or items or apply a ______ ______ of water or foam extinguishing agent between the _____ and the _______.

Answer 17

Remove / property / protective spray / fire / exposure

Pg 1022

Question 18

The following are actions consistent with removing the exposure:

Answer 18

1. Evacuating persons who are in the path of fire
2. Relocating parked vehicles or railroad cars
3. Using forklifts or other heave equipment to move piled storage
4. Relocating fire apparatus when fast moving fires have put them in danger
   Pg 1022

Question 19

The electric meter is the ______ ______ for shutting off the power.

Answer 19

Primary location

Pg 1023

Question 20

High voltage _____ Volts

Low Voltage _____ volts

Answer 20

Excess of 600 volts
Less than 600 volts - typically 120 volts or less
Pg 1023

Question 21

Most solar panel arrays have _____ _____ _____, one on each side of the _____ _____.

Answer 21

Two shutoff switches / power inverter

Pg 1024

Question 22

Natural gas in its pure form is _______, which has a flammability range of ___ to ____ percent but is nontoxic. Natural gas is ______ than air so it tends to _____ and _____ in the open.

Answer 22

Methane / 5 - 15% / lighter / rise and diffuse

Pg 1025

Question 23

LPG is about _____ ____ ____ ______ as _____ as air so it will _____ to the lowest point possible.

Answer 23

One and a half times / heavy / sink

Pg 1026

Question 24

LPG gas is explosive in concentrations between _____ and _____ percent.

Answer 24

1.5 - 10%

Pg 1026

Question 25

Four main uses for a master stream:

Answer 25

``` Direct attack Indirect attack Supplement handlines that are already attacking the fire exteriorly Provide exposure protection Pg 1028 ```

Question 26

Class C fires involve ______ _____ _____.

Answer 26

Energized electrical equipment | Pg 1031

Question 27

Once the electrical power is _____ _____, Class C fires may _____ _____. If they do continue to burn, these fires will become either a _____ or ______ fires.

Answer 27

Shut off / self extinguish / Class A or Class B | Pg 1031

Question 28

Fires in transformers at ground level, use :

Answer 28

A dry chemical or carbon dioxide extinguisher | Pg 1033

Question 29

Safe distance for personnel and apparatus for an underground electrical vault is:

Answer 29

At least 300 feet | Pg 1034

Question 30

The first rule in dealing with electrical hazards is to assume:

Answer 30

That all electrical wires, equipment and devices are energized until proven otherwise Pg 1035

Question 31

What is an electrical behavior that produces electrical pulses in the ground starting at the point where the power line contacts the earth and expanding out in concentric circles?

Answer 31

Ground gradient | Pg 1036

Question 32

Combustible metal fires are very hot (Class D), greater than ______.

Answer 32

2000ºF | Pg 1038

Question 33

Attack a vehicle fire with a _____ angle to avoid potential injuries from exploding hydraulic or pneumatic struts.

Answer 33

45º angle | Pg 1039

Question 34

Where are Natural gas tanks located in vehicles?

Answer 34

Trunk area, under side panels, or in the open bed of pickups | Pg 1043

Question 35

Colored wires to avoid due to electrocution hazards with electric vehicles:

Answer 35

Orange, blue and yellow wires | Pg 1045

Question 36

Three main influences on ground cover fire behavior are:

Answer 36

``` Fuel Weather Topography Of these weather is most significant Pg 1049 ```

Question 37

Three basic types of ground fires:

Answer 37

Ground fires Surface fires Crown fires Pg 1049

Question 38

Of the three types of ground fires, what is the most common?

Answer 38

Surface fire - low lying grass, shrubs etc. (Ground fires are in the dead organic matter (humus) (Crown fires are canopy fires that are wind driven -lightening strikes or surface and ground fires are the causes) Pg 1050

Question 39

LCES stands for:

Answer 39

Lookout - know where the fire is and where it's going Communications - know who is operating where Escape Routes - know more than one way out Safe Zones - know how to quickly to an area of refuge Pg 1055

Question 40

To accomplish incident priorities (life safety, incident stabilization and property conservation) apply tactics based on RECEO-VS, which stands for:

Answer 40

``` Rescue Exposures Confinement Extinguishment Overhaul Ventilation Salvage Pg 1057 ```

Question 41

Two in two out OSHA regulation requires that when two firefighters enter a structure fire that has developed beyond the _____ ______, there must be two fully equipped firefighters to rescue the attack team if necessary.

Answer 41

Incipient stage | Pg 1059

Question 42

Hazards common to confined spaces:

Answer 42

``` Oxygen deficiency Flammable gases and vapors Toxic gases Extreme temperatures Explosive dusts Pg 1067 ```

Question 43

_____ fires involve flammable and combustible liquids and gases.

Answer 43

Class B | Pg 1068

Question 44

Liquids with flash points of less than 100ºF

Answer 44

``` Flammable Liquids (gasoline and acetone) Pg 1068 ```

Question 45

Liquids that have flash points higher than 100ºF

Answer 45

Combustible liquids - kerosene and vegetable oil | Pg 1068

Question 46

If a closed container, such as a pressure vessel containing liquids or liquified gases is heated, the liquid inside begins _______. When the liquid reaches its boiling point, it begins to return to its ______ state.

Answer 46

Expanding / gaseous | Pg 1070