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HHP > Epithelium > Flashcards

Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

apical domain

A

faces the lumen or external environment

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2
Q

basal domain

A

faces the basement membrane

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3
Q

basolateral domain

A

lateral and basal domain together

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4
Q

function of microvilli

A

increase surface area for absorption

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5
Q

what is microvilli made of and what attaches actin filaments with eachother

A

actin filament bundles, linked by proteins villin and fimbrin

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6
Q

what attaches lateral arm of microvilli to plasma membrane

A

myosin 1 and calmodulin

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7
Q

what connects microvilli to cytoplasm

A

myosin II and spectrin

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8
Q

myosin II is a contractile protein

A

causes contraction to terminal web

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9
Q

what will be impact on microvilli after contraction of myosin II

A

epical diameter of cell is reduced, cell becomes shorter, causes microvilli to move adduction and abduction, advantage is creating surface area for nutrients

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10
Q

stereocilia

A

extremely long microvilli

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11
Q

where is stereocilia found

A

found in epididymis, inner ear,

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12
Q

what is cilia made of

A

microtubules or the axoneme

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13
Q

centrioles form basal body during development

A
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14
Q

three types of cilia

A

motile which beat, primary with no active movement, and nodal with slight rotational movement in the embryo

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15
Q

basal body is a MTOC

A

microtubule organizing center

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16
Q

what is motile cilia form in the respiratory tract

A

muco-cilary unit

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17
Q

what does muco-cilary unit do

A

sweeps mucous and trapped material toward oropharynx

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18
Q

motile cilia in the oviduct

A

beats fluid towards the uterus

19
Q

motile cilia is covered by

A

cilia membrane, transmembrane proteins are different from plasma membrane

20
Q

inside motile cilia is

A

anoxneme, microtubules are made of tubulin subunits

21
Q

microtubules are arranged in specific matter in motile cilia

A

9 + 2 arrangement= 9 doublets of circularly arranged peripheral microtubules, surround 2 central microtubules.

22
Q

what are peripheral microtubules made of in motile cilia

A

alpha and beta tubulin subunit

23
Q

2 alpha dynein ends are only in what

A

alpha microtubules

24
Q

what is nexin

A

an elastic protein that links to next doublet

25
Q

what is radial spoke

A

control of dynein arm by relaying signals

26
Q

basal body holds triplets, does not extend past basal body

A

there are triplets

27
Q

each doublet exhibits a pair of arms that contain

A

dynein and ATPase

28
Q

Arm extends from A microtubule, to form temporary cross bridges

A

with B microtubules of the adjacent doublet

29
Q

primary ciliary dyskineasiaor immotile cilia syndrome (ICS)

A

autosomal recessive disease, characterized be abnormal ciliary motion, and imapaired muco-ciliary clearance

30
Q

kartagener syndrome

A

dynein arms are absent in the cilia, leads to abnormal ciliary function

31
Q

kartagener syndrome

A

characterized by triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis

32
Q

two disorders affecting the muco-ciliary unit

A

Primary Ciliary Dyskinesiaor Immotile cilia syndrome, and kartagener syndrome

33
Q

primary cilia

A

Function as a signal receptor, axoneme is 9+0 microtubule

34
Q

nodal cilia

A

Make rotational movement, 9+0 microtubules

35
Q

nodal cilia

A

concentrated in area of the primitive node

36
Q

basolateral surface specialization

A

lateral folds and basal folds

37
Q

lateral surface shows a tortuous bounday

A

due to infoldings of cells with neighbors, this increases lateral surface

38
Q

where are lateral folds found

A

epithelium of intestines and kidney tubules

39
Q

lateral folds are prominent in cells that transport fluid rapidly

A
40
Q

basal folds have characteristics of what

A

fluid transporting cells
example is proximal and distal tubules of kidney, and salivary gland ducts

41
Q

mitochondria provide energy for functioning basal folds and active transport

A
42
Q

the presence of the basal folds and mitochondria orientation together form

A

striated appearance at basal aspect
example Striated ducts of salivary gland

43
Q

junctional complex has 3 components

A

occluding junctions, anchoring junctions, communicating junctions

44
Q

cell to cell adhesions are called what in a LM

A

terminal bar

HHP (17 decks)

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