Enzymes Flashcards
Large macromolecules which c____ many b___ reactions
catalyze
biological
ENZYMES
what can enzymes provide to increase reaction
lower activation energy
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
catalyzes redox reactions; transfer of e-
Oxidoreductase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
transport of one functional group from one molecule to another
Transferase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
cleave covalent bonds by addition of water thru the process of HYDROLYSIS
Hydrolase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
attaches molecules together
Ligase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
rearranges the structure and shape of a molecule
Isomerase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
creates or reduces double bonds by addition of small molecules (H20, CO2, NH3)
Lyase
2 TYPES of enzymes
Simple and Conjugate
What TYPE of ENZYME consists entirely of proteins with no other components needed to function
Simple enzyme
What TYPE of ENZYME consists of other components other than proteins
Conjugate enzyme (Holoenzyme)
2 parts of a conjugate enzyme
Apoenzyme (protein)
Cofactor (non-protein)
3 TYPES of cofactors
activators (cations for temporary binding)
prosthetic groups (organic group for permanent binding)
coenzymes (organic molecules for temporary binding with substrate)
Parts of enzyme (4)
Active site (where substrate binds)
Substrate (the molecules needed to react TO TURN to products)
Enzyme
Products
The sum of chemical reactions to maintain living state
metabolism