Enzymes Flashcards
Large macromolecules which c____ many b___ reactions
catalyze
biological
ENZYMES
what can enzymes provide to increase reaction
lower activation energy
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
catalyzes redox reactions; transfer of e-
Oxidoreductase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
transport of one functional group from one molecule to another
Transferase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
cleave covalent bonds by addition of water thru the process of HYDROLYSIS
Hydrolase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
attaches molecules together
Ligase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
rearranges the structure and shape of a molecule
Isomerase
ENZYME CLASSIFICATION
creates or reduces double bonds by addition of small molecules (H20, CO2, NH3)
Lyase
2 TYPES of enzymes
Simple and Conjugate
What TYPE of ENZYME consists entirely of proteins with no other components needed to function
Simple enzyme
What TYPE of ENZYME consists of other components other than proteins
Conjugate enzyme (Holoenzyme)
2 parts of a conjugate enzyme
Apoenzyme (protein)
Cofactor (non-protein)
3 TYPES of cofactors
activators (cations for temporary binding)
prosthetic groups (organic group for permanent binding)
coenzymes (organic molecules for temporary binding with substrate)
Parts of enzyme (4)
Active site (where substrate binds)
Substrate (the molecules needed to react TO TURN to products)
Enzyme
Products
The sum of chemical reactions to maintain living state
metabolism
2 products of metabolism
cell membrane - proteins and lipids
what MODEL says that an enzyme’s active site has a specific shape that a substrate can fit into
and when
“Lock and Key Model”
1894
New name for the lock and key model
and what happens here
Induced-fit model
active site changes shape for induced fit
Advantages and Disadvantages of computer models
A:
- multiple models can be accessed at once
- can be accessed anywhere
- easy storage and correction
D:
- gadget
- internet connection
- prior bg knowledge for full interpretation
in PDB, which setting will give a more 3d effect
space-feeling/line
in PDB, which setting will give more info re beta sheets and alpha helics
cartoon
