ENT - Hearing Flashcards
what are the components of the conductive system of hearing?
- auricle
- resonance of ear canal
- ratio of surface area of TM to footplate of stapes
- lever action of ossicular chain
what is the modality used in universal hearing screening?
cochlear microphonic (OAE)
are OAE and ABRs measures of hearing?
NO - because hearing requires perception (unless someone is consciously acknowledging that they heard it, you are not measuring hearing)
(you are measuring pathways)
how is the sensory experience of hearing measured?
behavioral audiogram
what are the components tested in behavioral audiograms?
- hearing level for each frequency
- speech reception threshold
- speech discrimination or word recognition
at what age can you start doing behavioral audiograms on a child? what is the name of that test called?
- 6 months
- visual reinforcement audiogram
what is an audiogram?
- graphic representation of hearing
- normogram for select frequencies designed to best reflect hearing necessary for language
- normogram for frequency
what are the qualitative descriptors for hearing loss?
- normal
- mild
- moderate
- moderately severe
- severe
- profound
what does sensorineural hearing loss look like on an audiogram?
both air and bone conduction values are lowered (thresholds ELEVATED)
what does conductive hearing loss look like on an audiogram?
there is an air-bone gap
what test is becoming the gold standard for documentation of middle ear status? what does it measure specifically?
- tympanometry
- compliance (impedence) of TM at varying pressures below, at, and above atmospheric pressure
what is the most common cause of pediatric conductive hearing loss?
middle ear effusion
what is the most common cause of pediatric sensorineural hearing loss?
congenital
what is the correction for mild hearing loss?
watch and wait
what is the correction for moderate hearing loss?
- surgery: middle ear fluid, TM perforation
- hearing amplification (2nd line)
what is the correction for severe hearing loss?
- surgery
- amplification
- cochlear implant
at what level of hearing loss is a cochlear implant considered?
severe
what is the correction for profound hearing loss?
- cochlear implant
- total communication
what is done for
- unilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss
- bilateral conductive hearing loss that cannot be amplifed?
BAHA device
a BAHA device is used for what conditions?
- unilateral profound sensorineural hearing loss
- bilateral conductive hearing loss that cannot be amplifed
what is a BAHA device?
- osteointegrated temporal bone implant?
- transcutaneous or subdermal magnet
- allows for direct stimulation of cochlea
- in bilateral conductive hearing loss it will stimulate ipsilateral cochlea
- in unilateral SNHL it will stimulate the contralateral intact cochlea
