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Year 2 Specialty Medicine > DERM - Infectious causes of skin disease I > Flashcards

DERM - Infectious causes of skin disease I Flashcards

1
Q

definition: exanthem

A

rash that appears abruptly and involves several areas of the skin at once (Greek: a breaking out)

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2
Q

definition: enanthem

A

an eruption upon a mucous membrane

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3
Q

what is the exanthem of measles / rubeola? what is the enanthem?

A
  • exanthem: erythematous macules and papules which begin on the face and spread cephalo-caudad and centrifugally
  • enanthem: koplik’s spots
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4
Q
  • exanthem: erythematous macules and papules which begin on the face and spread cephalo-caudad and centrifugally
  • enanthem: koplik’s spots
A

measles / rubeola

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5
Q

how is measles / rubeola transmitted?

A

aerosolized respiratory droplets

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6
Q

confluent, morbiliform rash and kopliks spot - diagnosis?

A

measles / rubeola

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7
Q

what is the exanthem of rubella (German measles)? what is the enanthem?

A
  • exanthem: pruritic, pink to red macules and papules, begin on face and spread to neck, trunk, and extremities over 24 hours - facial rash clears on day 2, rash clears without pigmentary change or scaling by day 3
  • enanthem: 20% have petechial lesions on soft palate and uvula (Forchheimer’s sign)
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8
Q
  • exanthem: pruritic, pink to red macules and papules, begin on face and spread to neck, trunk, and extremities over 24 hours - facial rash clears on day 2, rash clears without pigmentary change or scaling by day 3
  • enanthem: 20% have petechial lesions on soft palate and uvula (Forchheimer’s sign)
A

rubella (German measles)

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9
Q

what is the exanthem of erythema infectiosum?

A
  • exanthem: starts with bright red cheeks, as the facial rash fades over 1-4 days a symmetric, erythematous reticular (lace-like) eruption appears on trunk and extremitites, lasts 5-9 days
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10
Q

what is the organism responsible for erythema infectiosum?

A

parvovirus B19

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11
Q

what is the exanthem of exanthem subitum?

A

pink macules and papules surrounded by white halos; begins on neck and spreads to proximal extremities

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12
Q

what is the most common exanthem before age 2?

A

exanthem subitum

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13
Q

what is the prodrome of exanthem subitum?

A
  • high fever
  • palpebral edema
  • cervical lyphadenopathy
  • mild upper respiratory symptoms
  • as fever subsides, rash appears**
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14
Q
  • high fever
  • palpebral edema
  • cervical lyphadenopathy
  • mild upper respiratory symptoms
  • as fever subsides, rash appears**
A

exanthem subitum

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15
Q

pink macules and papules surrounded by white halos; begins on neck and spreads to proximal extremities

A

exanthem subitum

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16
Q

what is the exanthem of hand foot mouth disease? what is the enanthem?

A
  • exanthem: progression of lesions - bright pink macules and papules to painful vesicles with erythematous halos to erosions with surrounding erythema
  • enanthem: erythematous erosions resembling aphthae (canker sores)
17
Q

what is the exanthem of varicella?

A

progresses from macules to papules, to vesicles over 12-14 hours, tends to start on face then move to trunk

18
Q

progresses from macules to papules, to vesicles over 12-14 hours, tends to start on face then move to trunk

A

varicella

19
Q

what is the genome of molluscum contagiosum?

A

double stranded DNA pox virus

20
Q

what is erythrasma? what areas does it affect? what is the appearance?

A
  • chronic bacterial infetion caused by corynebacterium minutissimum
  • affects toes, groin, axilla
  • sharply demarcated border, red or brown, may be pruritic or burning
21
Q

punched out ulcers surrounded by raised margins, covered with yellow crust

A

ecthyma

22
Q

what is the organism responsible for regular folliculitis? hot tub folliculitis?

A
  • regular: pseudomonas

- hot tub: pseudomonas

23
Q

what is hidradenitis suppurativa? what is the most common etiologic agent?

A
  • chronic suppurative infection of apocrine sweat glands

- staph aureus

24
Q

what is the etiologic agent of erysipelas?

A

group A strep

25
Q
  • perioral pallor
  • strawberry tongue
  • pastia’s lines

diagnosis? causative agent?

A
  • scarlet fever

- group A strep

26
Q

what is the characterizing finding of necrotizing fasciitis?

A

anesthesia of the skin of affected area

Year 2 Specialty Medicine (36 decks)

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