ENT - Bell's palsy and associated disorders Flashcards
diagnostic criteria for bells palsy
- paralysis / paresis of all muscle groups of one side of face
- sudden onset
- absence of signs of CNS pathology
- absence of ear or CPA disease
what are the 3 presumed etiologies of bells palsy?
- viral (most likely)
- ischemic neuropathy
- autoimmune
what is the presumed pathophysiology of bells palsy?
viral neuropathy vvs ischemic neuropathy secondary to viral infection with swelling / inflammation of the nerve
what is the narrowest part of the facial nerve?
internal genu
what is the gold standard for looking at bells palsy pathology?
MRI
what is the medical therapy for bells palsy?
- high dose steroid
- antiviral
what are the complications of bells palsy?
- mismanagement of eye - corneal abrasions
- loss / alteration of taste, chronic facial spasm and synkinesis and chronic facial pain
what are the symptoms of ramsay hunt syndrome?
- unilateral periauricular and facial pain
- vesicles on ear / canal / face
- possible hearing change
- possible balance issues
ramsay hunt syndrome has an association with which virus?
herpes zoster
acoustic neuromas can present with what symptoms?
- sudden hearing loss
- new onset tinnitus
- new onset vertigo / imbalance
- facial palsy
- facial pain / facial numbness
what is the confirmatory imaging for acoustic neuroma?
MRI with gadolinium
is hearing loss reversible with acoustic neuromas?
no
glomus tumors are aka
parabangliomas
where do glomus tumors arise?
middle ear and posterior fossa (glomus vagale tumors)
what is the presentation for glomus tumors?
- objective pulsatile tinnitus
- patient can hear their heartbeat coarsely
