DERM - Introduction to dermatology Flashcards
what is the atopic triad?
- asthma
- allergies
- atopic dermatitis
what are the flat lesions? how are they differentiated?
- macule: under 1 cm
- patch: over 1 cm
what are the raised, solid lesions? how are they differentiated?
- papule: under 1 cm
- nodule: over 1 cm
- tumor: over 2 cm
- plaque: over 1 cm FLAT topped (“plateau”)
what are the raised fluild filled lesions? how are the differentiated?
- vesicles: clear fluid, under 1 cm
- bulla: clear fluid, over 1 cm
- pustule: white fluid, filled with pus
are telangiectasias blanchable or non-blanchable?
blanchable
definition: erosion
loss of epidermis, depression in skin, heals WITHOUT scar
definition: scale
flake or plates of skin
what is used to visualize tinea versicolor?
woods light
spaghetti and meatballs appearance on woods light - diagnosis?
tinea versicolor
what is the organism responsible for tinea versicolor?
malassezia furfur
malassezia furfur is responsible for what condition?
tinea versicolor
what is the treatment for tinea versicolor?
ketoconazole shampoo, topical antifungals
what is the mechanism of action of topical steroids?
- inhibition of NF-kB, suppressing both B and TC function
- no cytokine transcription
are imidazoles fungistatic or fungicidal?
fungistatic (azoles!)
are allylamines fungistatic or fungicidal?
fungicidal
are polyenes fungistatic or fungicidal?
fungicidal
are allylamines better for dermatophytes or candida?
dermatophytes
are polyenes better for dermatophytes or candida?
candida
what is the MOA of the imidazoles?
- inhibit 14-a-demethylase
- stops lanosterol from forming ergosterol
- p450 enzyme inhibitors**
what are the side effects of the imidazoles?
- antiandrogen
- liver toxicity
- drug interactions
what is the MOA of the allylamines?
inhibit squalene epoxidase
what are the side effects of the allylamines and polyenes?
- taste deficiency
- liver toxicity
- HA
- GI
what are the first generation antihistamines?
- diphenhydramine
- hydroxyzine
- chlorpheniramine
what are the second generation antihistamines?
- cetirizine
- loratidine
- fexofenadine (best for itch)
which antihistamine is best for itch?
fexofenadine
what is ranitidine used for? what is the MOA?
- GERD
- H2 blocker
what is the target for psoriasis medication?
inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation
what are the psoriasis meds?
- coal tar
- tazarotene
- vitamin D analogs
what are the most specific antibodies for lupus?
- anti dsDNA
- anti smith
what are the common causes of death in lupus patients?
- CV
- infection
- renal disease
which drugs can cause SLE?
- sulfa
- hydralazine
- INH
- procainamide
- phenytoin
- etanercept
