Endocrinology Flashcards
1
Q
Thyroid stimulating antibody is seen in what condition
A
- graves disease
2
Q
Pretibial myxedema is seen in what thyroid condition
A
- Graves disease
3
Q
Treatment options for Graves disease
A
- Radioactive iodine: MC therapy
- Methimazole/PropylThioUracil
- Beta blockers for symptomatic relief
- Thyroidectomy
4
Q
What antibodies are present in hashimotos
A
- Thyroglobulin Ab
- Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) Ab
5
Q
What is a Myxedema crisis
A
- extreme form of hypothyroidism
- can result in coma
6
Q
Best initial test to evaluate a thyroid nodule
A
- fine needle aspiration with biopsy
7
Q
Is a cold or hot thyroid nodule more suspicious for malignancy
A
- cold nodule : no iodine uptake
8
Q
MOA of metformin
A
- decreased hepatic glucose production
9
Q
Metformin is not given to patients with Creatinine > 1.5 due to
A
- lactic acidosis
10
Q
MOA of sulfonylureas (Glipizide, Glyburide, Glimepiride). MC side effect?
A
- stimulates pancreatic beta cell insulin release
- MC side effect: hypoglycemia
11
Q
MOA of Meglitnides (Repaglinide and Nateglinide)
A
- stimulate pancreatic beta cell insulin release
12
Q
MOA of a-Glucosidase inhibitors (Acarbose, Miglitol)
A
- Delays intestinal glucose absorption
13
Q
MOA of Thiazolidinediones (Pioglitazone, Rosiglitazone) . Side effect?
A
- increase insulin sensitivity at peripheral receptor site in adipose and muscle
- fluid retention
14
Q
MOA of GLP-1 agonists (Exenatide, Lireglutide)
A
- mimics incretin -> increases insulin secretion, decreases glucagon secretion; delays gastric emptying
15
Q
MOA of DPP-4 inhibitors (sitagliptin, Linagliptin)
A
- inhibits degradation of GLP-1
