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Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Which derm disorder is characterized by “itch-scratch cycle”

A

Atopic dermatitis

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2
Q

Which sites does atopic dermatitis (eczema) appear in most commonly

A
  • Cheeks, scalp, extensor surface of limbs in INFANTS
  • Flexural surfaces, hand and feet in CHILD/ADULT
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3
Q

Sharply defined “coin shaped” lesions esp. on dorsal hand, feet, and extensor surface (knees and elbows)

A

Nummular eczema

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4
Q

Treatment for atopic dermatitis

A
  • Emollients: Vaseline is gold standard
  • brief duration of topical steroid during exacerbation
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5
Q

Wickham striae

A
  • lacy lesions of the oral mucosa associated with lichen planus
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6
Q

Common areas of presentation for lichen planus

A
  • Mouth, wrists, back, shin, scalp, penis
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7
Q

Clinical manifestation of lichen planus

A
  • 4 P’s
  • Pruritic
  • Purple
  • Papule
  • Polygonal
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8
Q

Which derm condition is associated with a herald patch (solitary salmon-colored macule) on trunk

A

Pityriasis rosea

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9
Q

Describe clinical manifestation of Pityriasis rosea

A
  • Herald patch on trunk
  • 1-2 weeks later, develop smaller, round salmon colored papules
  • Christmas tree pattern
  • pruritic
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10
Q

Tx for Pityriasis rosea

A
  • Oral antihistamine for itch
  • medium strength topical corticosteroids
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11
Q

Most common drug induced skin eruption

A

Morbilliform

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12
Q

A skin disorder characterized by target (iris) shaped lesions

A

Erythema multiforme

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13
Q

What is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction

A
  • IgE mediated causing mast cells to release histamine
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14
Q

Cause of urticaria is the release of

A

Histamine from mast cells

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15
Q

Are urticaria blanchable

A

Yes

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16
Q

What is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction

A
  • Delayed type hypersensitivity: takes 2-3 days to develop
  • cell mediated
  • CD4 + helper T cells recognize antigen in a complex with class 2 MHC on macrophages
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17
Q

What is the most common infectious cause of erythema mulitforme

A
  • Herpes simplex virus
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18
Q

Which drugs are associated with erythema multiforme lesions

A
  • Sulfa drugs
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19
Q

Differentiate between erythema multiforme minor and major

A
  • Both: hypersensitivity reaction characterized by typical targets or raised edematous papules and <10% TBSA involvement
  • Major: involvement of 1 or more mucosal sites
  • Minor: no involvement of mucosal sites
  • ** less severe form of SJS
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20
Q

Most common causes of steven johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

A
  • Sulfa
  • anticonvulsant meds
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21
Q

Differentiate between SJS and TEN

A
  • SJS: <10% of total body surface area involved
  • TEN: >30% TBSA involved
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22
Q

Bacteria that causes acne

A
  • Proprionibacterium acnes
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23
Q

Oral abx used for treatment of moderate acne

A
  • Doxycycline
  • minocycline
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24
Q

Adapalene

A
  • Topical retinoid
  • used in treatment of acne
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25
Spironolactone
* Androgen antagoinst * potassium sparing diuretic -\> aldosterone receptor antagonist
26
Highly contagious superficial vesiculopustular skin infection most commonly on face
Impetigo
27
Name the types of impetigo
* nonbullous (70%) characterized by honey-colored crust * bullous
28
Treatment of impetigo must provide coverage against what bacteria
* Staph aureus * GABHS: strep pyogens
29
Bullous impetigo is caused by
Staph aureus
30
Tx of impetigo
* **Mupirocin** (Bactroban) TID x 10 days
31
Pediculosis
Lice
32
Treatment for lice
* Permethrin
33
Clinical manifestation of scabies
* Intensity **pruritic** lesions, **worse at night**, and **linear burrows** commonly found in **intertriginous** zones ( web spaces in between fingers and toes) and scrotum, glans, penile shaft
34
Tx of scabies
* Permethrin topical
35
Tx of choice for Tinea capitus
* Griseofulvin
36
Tx for tinea pedis
* Topical antifungal cream x 4 weeks * ex: terbinafine topical
37
Erythematous plaques (circular rash with clear center and defined borders) with scaling, crackling, and vesicles
Tinea corporis
38
Treatment of onychomycosis
* Oral terbinafine * 6 weeks for fingernails; 12 weeks for toenails
39
Diagnosis of tinea infections
* KOH prep
40
What are verrucae
* Cutaneous warts caused by HPV
41
List the types of burns
* 1st degree - superficial * 2nd degree - superficial partial or deep partial thickness * 3rd degree - full thickness
42
Which burns can blanch with pressure
* 1st degree: superficial * 2nd degree: superficial partial thickness
43
Which burns cause blistering
* 2nd degree: superficial partial thickness and deep partial thickness
44
Rule of 9's for extremities (upper and lower)
* Each upper extremity is 9% * each lower extremity is 18%
45
Rule of 9's for trunk (Front and back)
* 18% for front of chest * 18% for back of chest * Trunk = 36% total
46
Abx commonly used for outpatient tx of burns
* Silver sulfadiazine topical
47
What IV fluid should be used for burns
* lactated ringers 4ml/kg/%TSA * 1/2 in 1st 8 hours and the other 1/2 in the remaining 16 hours
48
Cause of Roseola
* Herpes virus 6
49
High fever 3-5 days which resolves -\> rose pink maculopapular blanchable rash on trunk/back -\> face
* roseola infantum: sixths disease
50
What is the only viral exanthem that starts on the trunk
* Roseola infantum
51
Cause of hand-foot-and mouth disease
* Coxsackie virus
52
Cause of measles
paramyxovirus
53
Most common cause of acute pancreatitis in children
Mumps
54
Cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis are associated with
Measles
55
Babies born with Blueberry muffin rash have
Rubella (german measles)
56
Cause of erythema infectiosum
* Parvovirus B19
57
Clinical manifestation of erythema infectiosum
* Fifth's disease * **slapped cheek** rash on face * **lacy reticular rash** on upper extremities
58
How are warts caused by HPV diagnosed
* Clinical * whitening of lesion with acetic acid application
59
What is androgenetic alopecia
* male or female pattern baldness
60
Diaper dermatitis can have secondary infections with
* candidiasis * impetigo

Pediatric EOR (11 decks)

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