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Pediatric EOR > Dermatology > Flashcards

Dermatology Flashcards

1
Q

Which derm disorder is characterized by “itch-scratch cycle”

A

Atopic dermatitis

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2
Q

Which sites does atopic dermatitis (eczema) appear in most commonly

A
  • Cheeks, scalp, extensor surface of limbs in INFANTS
  • Flexural surfaces, hand and feet in CHILD/ADULT
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3
Q

Sharply defined “coin shaped” lesions esp. on dorsal hand, feet, and extensor surface (knees and elbows)

A

Nummular eczema

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4
Q

Treatment for atopic dermatitis

A
  • Emollients: Vaseline is gold standard
  • brief duration of topical steroid during exacerbation
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5
Q

Wickham striae

A
  • lacy lesions of the oral mucosa associated with lichen planus
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6
Q

Common areas of presentation for lichen planus

A
  • Mouth, wrists, back, shin, scalp, penis
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7
Q

Clinical manifestation of lichen planus

A
  • 4 P’s
  • Pruritic
  • Purple
  • Papule
  • Polygonal
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8
Q

Which derm condition is associated with a herald patch (solitary salmon-colored macule) on trunk

A

Pityriasis rosea

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9
Q

Describe clinical manifestation of Pityriasis rosea

A
  • Herald patch on trunk
  • 1-2 weeks later, develop smaller, round salmon colored papules
  • Christmas tree pattern
  • pruritic
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10
Q

Tx for Pityriasis rosea

A
  • Oral antihistamine for itch
  • medium strength topical corticosteroids
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11
Q

Most common drug induced skin eruption

A

Morbilliform

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12
Q

A skin disorder characterized by target (iris) shaped lesions

A

Erythema multiforme

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13
Q

What is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction

A
  • IgE mediated causing mast cells to release histamine
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14
Q

Cause of urticaria is the release of

A

Histamine from mast cells

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15
Q

Are urticaria blanchable

A

Yes

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16
Q

What is a type IV hypersensitivity reaction

A
  • Delayed type hypersensitivity: takes 2-3 days to develop
  • cell mediated
  • CD4 + helper T cells recognize antigen in a complex with class 2 MHC on macrophages
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17
Q

What is the most common infectious cause of erythema mulitforme

A
  • Herpes simplex virus
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18
Q

Which drugs are associated with erythema multiforme lesions

A
  • Sulfa drugs
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19
Q

Differentiate between erythema multiforme minor and major

A
  • Both: hypersensitivity reaction characterized by typical targets or raised edematous papules and <10% TBSA involvement
  • Major: involvement of 1 or more mucosal sites
  • Minor: no involvement of mucosal sites
  • ** less severe form of SJS
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20
Q

Most common causes of steven johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis

A
  • Sulfa
  • anticonvulsant meds
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21
Q

Differentiate between SJS and TEN

A
  • SJS: <10% of total body surface area involved
  • TEN: >30% TBSA involved
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22
Q

Bacteria that causes acne

A
  • Proprionibacterium acnes
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23
Q

Oral abx used for treatment of moderate acne

A
  • Doxycycline
  • minocycline
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24
Q

Adapalene

A
  • Topical retinoid
  • used in treatment of acne
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25
Q

Spironolactone

A
  • Androgen antagoinst
  • potassium sparing diuretic -> aldosterone receptor antagonist
26
Q

Highly contagious superficial vesiculopustular skin infection most commonly on face

A

Impetigo

27
Q

Name the types of impetigo

A
  • nonbullous (70%) characterized by honey-colored crust
  • bullous
28
Q

Treatment of impetigo must provide coverage against what bacteria

A
  • Staph aureus
  • GABHS: strep pyogens
29
Q

Bullous impetigo is caused by

A

Staph aureus

30
Q

Tx of impetigo

A
  • Mupirocin (Bactroban) TID x 10 days
31
Q

Pediculosis

A

Lice

32
Q

Treatment for lice

A
  • Permethrin
33
Q

Clinical manifestation of scabies

A
  • Intensity pruritic lesions, worse at night, and linear burrows commonly found in intertriginous zones ( web spaces in between fingers and toes) and scrotum, glans, penile shaft
34
Q

Tx of scabies

A
  • Permethrin topical
35
Q

Tx of choice for Tinea capitus

A
  • Griseofulvin
36
Q

Tx for tinea pedis

A
  • Topical antifungal cream x 4 weeks
  • ex: terbinafine topical
37
Q

Erythematous plaques (circular rash with clear center and defined borders) with scaling, crackling, and vesicles

A

Tinea corporis

38
Q

Treatment of onychomycosis

A
  • Oral terbinafine
  • 6 weeks for fingernails; 12 weeks for toenails
39
Q

Diagnosis of tinea infections

A
  • KOH prep
40
Q

What are verrucae

A
  • Cutaneous warts caused by HPV
41
Q

List the types of burns

A
  • 1st degree - superficial
  • 2nd degree - superficial partial or deep partial thickness
  • 3rd degree - full thickness
42
Q

Which burns can blanch with pressure

A
  • 1st degree: superficial
  • 2nd degree: superficial partial thickness
43
Q

Which burns cause blistering

A
  • 2nd degree: superficial partial thickness and deep partial thickness
44
Q

Rule of 9’s for extremities (upper and lower)

A
  • Each upper extremity is 9%
  • each lower extremity is 18%
45
Q

Rule of 9’s for trunk (Front and back)

A
  • 18% for front of chest
  • 18% for back of chest
  • Trunk = 36% total
46
Q

Abx commonly used for outpatient tx of burns

A
  • Silver sulfadiazine topical
47
Q

What IV fluid should be used for burns

A
  • lactated ringers 4ml/kg/%TSA
  • 1/2 in 1st 8 hours and the other 1/2 in the remaining 16 hours
48
Q

Cause of Roseola

A
  • Herpes virus 6
49
Q

High fever 3-5 days which resolves -> rose pink maculopapular blanchable rash on trunk/back -> face

A
  • roseola infantum: sixths disease
50
Q

What is the only viral exanthem that starts on the trunk

A
  • Roseola infantum
51
Q

Cause of hand-foot-and mouth disease

A
  • Coxsackie virus
52
Q

Cause of measles

A

paramyxovirus

53
Q

Most common cause of acute pancreatitis in children

A

Mumps

54
Q

Cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis are associated with

A

Measles

55
Q

Babies born with Blueberry muffin rash have

A

Rubella (german measles)

56
Q

Cause of erythema infectiosum

A
  • Parvovirus B19
57
Q

Clinical manifestation of erythema infectiosum

A
  • Fifth’s disease
  • slapped cheek rash on face
  • lacy reticular rash on upper extremities
58
Q

How are warts caused by HPV diagnosed

A
  • Clinical
  • whitening of lesion with acetic acid application
59
Q

What is androgenetic alopecia

A
  • male or female pattern baldness
60
Q

Diaper dermatitis can have secondary infections with

A
  • candidiasis
  • impetigo

Pediatric EOR (11 decks)

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