Endocrine System Quiz Flashcards
Protein hormones are
water -soluble
Production of growth hormone _________________________ with age.
decreased
Which hormone has the greatest effect on metabolism ?
Thyroxine
If ______ is lacking in the diet, the thyroid gland enlarges, producing a goiter.
iodine
The endocrine system is quicker than the nervous system
False
All of the following hormones increase blood sugar level , except one
insulin
Where are the posterior pituitary hormones manufactured?
In the hypothalamus
Hormones produced by the anterior pituitary that have a direct effect on the body, rather than trigger another gland, are __________.
GH, prolactin, and MSH
Low calcium level in blood ____________________________production of parathyroid hormone.
increases
Compared to the nervous system, the endocrine system has
more widespread and long lasting effect
If you were to eat four sugar glaze doughnuts and a large pepsi, which hormone would you expect to be secreted at higher levels:
insulin
Which of these is not a method the body uses to regulate release of hormones?
degradation of the endocrine gland
High glucose level in blood ____________________production of glucagon.
decreases
Low blood glucose level typically results in the secretion of all of the following EXCEPT:
insulin
Choose the statement about steroid hormones that is incorrect.
.Steroids employ first and second messengers that amplify the cellular response.
The receptors for non-steroid peptide hormones are on the ______.
plasma membrane
Non-steroid peptide hormones enter the cell.
False
The pancreas has both exocrine and endocrine tissue
True
Which of these is not endocrine property?
rapid acting effects
The pancreatic cells that secrete insulin are the:
Beta cells of islets of Langerhans
High oxygen supply to the brain ________________________ production of erythopoietin.
does not affect
The adrenal gland consists of _______________
the inner medulla and the outer cortex
The endocrine gland responsible for the body’s circadian rhythm is the ______________ gland
pineal gland
Jane lives in Appalachia and suffers from hypothyroidism ( low T3 and T4). Her thyroid gland is enlarged, her body temperature is low, and her heart rate is very low. Blood test shows very little iodine in blood and very low T3 and T4.
Choose correct statement that explains why her thyroid gland was enlarged.
because high level of TSH triggered excessive growth of thyroid gland.
because high level of TSH triggered excessive growth of thyroid gland.
increases
Jane lives in Appalachia and suffers from hypothyroidism ( low T3 and T4). Her thyroid gland is enlarged, her body temperature is low, and her heart rate is very low. Blood test shows very little iodine in blood and very low T3 and T4.
What would be her TSH level and why?
Her TSH would be high because lack of iodine leads to decrease of T3 and T4 in plasma
Hormones produced by thyroid galnd are responsible for regulating metabolic rate and calcium and phosphate ion concentration in the blood. Which thyroid hormone lowers calcium and phosphate ion concentration in the blood?
Calcitonin
Growth Hormone promotes
cell division
protein synthesis
bone growth
Which hormone has the greatest influence on the ability to secrete milk?
prolactin
Aldosterone regulates the blood sodium and potassium levels
True
Which hormone directly affects blood pressure?
ADH
Vasopressin
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Growth hormone
Adenohypophysis
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: T3 & T4
Thyroid gland
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid gland
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Aldosterone
Zona glomeruloza of the adrenal cortex
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Cortisol
Zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Calcitriol
Kidney
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Insulin
Beta cells of islets of Langerhance
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Glucagon
Alpha cells of islets of langerhance
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Antidiuretic hormone
Hypothalamus
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Atrial Natriuretic Peptide
Heart
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
Adenohypophysis
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Erythropoietin
Kidney
Match the hormone with a gland/organ that produces it: Calcitonin
Thyroid gland
Angiotensin II ___________________production of aldosterone
increases
The endocrine system:
releases chemicals into the bloodstream for distribution throughout the body
releases hormones that alter the metabolic activities of many different tissues and organs
can alter gene activity of cells
produces effects that can last for hours, days, or even longers
Parathyroid hormone release depends on blood levels of calcium. Such an endocrine reflex is said to be initiated by
humoral stimulation
Endocrine glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream for transport to target organs.
True
This hormone acts on the intestines and causes increased calcium absorption
calcitriol
All of the following statements are true about Thyroid hormones -T3 and T4, except one
Thyroid hormone is a water- soluble protein and affects metabolism of the cell through membrane receptor
The pancreatic cells that secrete glucagon are the
Alpha cells of islets of Langerhans
Vasopressin is the same hormone as
antidiuretic hormone
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) causes all of the following EXCEPT
activation of thyroid follicular cells
increased iodide trapping in thyroid follicles
increased thyroglobulin synthesis
increased release of T3/ T4
All of the following are effects of insulin, except:
stimulates lipolysis
Low blood flow to the kidney ____________________production of calcitonin.
does not affect
Steroid hormones do NOT bind to plasma membrane receptors.
True
ACTH controls secretion of ______________
cortisol
Production of growth hormone ________________at night
increases
Physical and emotional stress _________________________production of cortisol.
increases
What is the function of the mineralocorticoids secreted by the adrenal gland?
Provides reabsorption of sodium in the kidney by stimulating Na/K pump, increasing reabsorption of water by the kidney
Insulin functions to ___________________
promote the storage of nutrients
lower the blood glucose level by stimulating liver, fat and muscle cells to metabolize glucose
stimulate uptake of glucose by cells
Production of cortisol _______________in the morning.
Increases
