Chapter Ten Vocab Flashcards

1
Q

Epimysium

A

Surrounded entire muscle

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2
Q

Perimysium

A

Surrounds fascicles

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3
Q

Fascicle

A

Group of muscle cells

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4
Q

Endomysium

A

Separates individual cells
Electrically isolates cells

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5
Q

Tendon

A

All three layers as they merge to attach to bone

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6
Q

Muscle

A

Group of fascicles

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7
Q

Muscle fascicle

A

Group of muscle fibers (cell)

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8
Q

Muscle fiber

A

Group of myofibrils

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9
Q

Sarcolemma

A

Muscle cell membrane

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10
Q

Sarcoplasma

A

Muscle cell cytoplasm

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11
Q

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

A

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Stores calcium

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12
Q

Cisternae

A

Areas of the ER dedicated to CA++ storage

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13
Q

Actin

A

Major protein of thin filament

Has a binding site fore myosin allowing cross bridge with myosin to form

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14
Q

Tropomyosin

A

Long, fibrous molecule, extending over actin, and preventing interaction between actin and myosin

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15
Q

Troponin

A

Binds reversibly to calcium and able to move tropomyosin away from the actin active site

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16
Q

Nebulin

A

Holds F-actin strands together

17
Q

Sarcomere

A

Functional and structural unit of the muscle

Repeated pattern of myofilament

18
Q

Thick filaments

A

Myosin

19
Q

thin filaments

A

Actin

20
Q

M line

A

The disc in the middle of the Sarcomere

21
Q

Z line

A

Area of attachment of the actin fibers

22
Q

Crossbridge cycling

A

Multiple religion of attach, pull release, and reset lead to fully contracted sarcomere

23
Q

Motor unit

A

Defined as the motor neuron and the skeletal muscle cell it innervates

24
Q

Fine motor movements

A

(Like typing) rely on motor u it’s with relatively few fibers in contrast to those in the leg muscles, for example

25
Q

Latent phase

A

This is the period of time from the action potential to the onset of contraction. The time delay is due to the excitation-contraction coupling.

26
Q

Contraction phase

A

This is the time that tension is developing due to the cross-bridge cycling

27
Q

Relaxation phase

A

This is the time that the tension is decreasing ( I.e., relaxing) and is lounger than the contraction phase. This is due to the amount of time it takes to get all the Ca2+ sequestered

28
Q

Tension depends on

A

Frequency of action potential stimulation

Number of motor units recruited

Degree of muscle stretch

29
Q

Isometric

A

Muscle contraction without movement

No muscle shortening

30
Q

Isotonic

A

Muscle contraction with movement

Muscle shortens

31
Q

Myoglobin

A

An oxygen binding protein found in muscle cells