Endocrine system 6 Flashcards
1
Q
What is structural growth?
A
- Net protein synthesis
- Lengthening of bones (linear growth)
- Increased number (hyperplasia) and size (hypertrophy) of cells
2
Q
In humans when is the highest growth rate?
A
In human, highest growth rate is during foetal development (pre-natal) and just after birth (post-natal).
Later, a further growth spurt - puberty
3
Q
What factors effect growth?
A
- Genetic
- Socioeconomic & nutritional
- Chronic disease & stress
- Endocrine hormones
4
Q
How do genetic factors effect growth?
A
- Good correlation between parental & offspring height (gender-specific)
5
Q
How do socioeconomic & nutritional factors effect growth?
A
Poverty, hygiene, malnutrition
6
Q
How do chronic disease & stress effect growth?
A
Particularly associated w malabsorption
7
Q
How do endocrine hormones effect growth?
A
Anti-growth activity of cortisol
Mainly growth hormone (GH)
- Also thyroid hormones, insulin, glucocorticoids & sex hormones
8
Q
Where is growth hormone synthesised?
A
- Synthesised in the anterior pituitary
- Most abundant of the hormones secreted here
9
Q
What is growth hormone important for?
A
- Major role in growth but also important role in metabolism
- All via GH receptor on target cells
10
Q
How does growth hormone work?
A
- Growth hormones stimulates somatomedins - the somatomedins bring the growth & development effects
- Endocrine negative feedback loops present
11
Q
FInish from slide 8
A
:)
