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PSL300 > Endocrine 7: Pancreas > Flashcards

Endocrine 7: Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

what is metabolism

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2
Q

what is anabolic processes

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3
Q

what is catabolic processes

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4
Q

whats happening in the fed state

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5
Q

what happens in the fasted state

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6
Q

what is the basal metabolic rate

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7
Q

what is the energy balance

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8
Q

glucose to glycogen is called

this is a _______ process

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9
Q

glucose to ATP is called

this process is _________

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10
Q

glycogen to glucose is called _______

this is a ________- process

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11
Q

fatty acids and glycerol to ATP is done through:

this process is:

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12
Q

FA to triglycerides is called:

this process is :

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13
Q

triglycerides to FA is called:

this process is:

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14
Q

AA to proteins is called:

this process is:

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15
Q

protein to AA is called:

this process is:

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16
Q

what is GLUCOneogenesis

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17
Q

How long does the fed state last

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18
Q

what are endocrine pancreas cells

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19
Q

what do B cells secrete

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20
Q

what do alpha cells secrete

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21
Q

what do delta cells secrete

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22
Q

insulin binds to:

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23
Q

glucagon binds to:

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24
Q

before a meal:
glucose is
insulin is
glucagon is

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25
Q

after a meal:
glucose is
insulin is
glucagon is

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26
Q

what type of receptor does insulin bind to

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27
Q

what does insulin do to glucose

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28
Q

what does insulin promote

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29
Q

is insulin is reducing blood glucose, what does it mean its doing for cellular glucose?

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30
Q

fat protein and glycogen: does their synthesis increase or deecrese in the presence of insulin

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31
Q

what enzymatic processes does insulin activate

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those involved in glycogenesis, lipogenesis, protein sysnthesis

32
Q

what enzymatic processes does insulin inhibit

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33
Q

what is the pathway of insulin to change the cells metabolism

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34
Q

will glut4 transporters be released into the cell in the fasted state

A
35
Q

when will GLUT4 transporters exocytose

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36
Q

what type of transporters are expressed in liver cells

A
37
Q

how does insulin help mediate transfer of glucose into liver cells

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38
Q

what is hexokinase? how is it related to insulin and G6p?

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39
Q

how is insulin stimulated (pathway)

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40
Q

what is the incretin pathway

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41
Q

why does intrajejunal glucose generate more insulin

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42
Q

what is GIP

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43
Q

what stimulates GIP

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44
Q

what is the result of GIP

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45
Q

what is GLP1

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46
Q

what stimulates GLP1

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47
Q

how are GIP and GLP1 and insulin related

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48
Q

what are the four stimulators of insulin?

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49
Q

what inhibits insulin release?

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50
Q

what secretes glucagon

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51
Q

when is glucagon released

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52
Q

what does glucagon lead to

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53
Q

how does glucagon prevent hypoglycemia

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54
Q

how does glucagon get glucose out of liver cells

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55
Q

glucagon and cortisol together have what effect

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56
Q

what stimulates glucagon secretion

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57
Q

what inhibits glucagon

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58
Q

what will a no carb diet to do glucagon

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59
Q

what hormones are contained in proglucagon

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60
Q

where is proglucagon expressed

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61
Q

what is produced in alpha cells

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62
Q

what is produced in L cells

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63
Q

what happens to insulin in type 1 diabetes

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64
Q

how is type 1 diabetes treated

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65
Q

what happens to insulin in type 2 diabetes

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66
Q

what can you do to treat type 2 diabetes

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67
Q

how do sulfonylureas work

A

manually close the Katp channel, stimulating insulin release

68
Q

how could GLP1 be a treatment for diabetes

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69
Q

how can you get fat tissue loss in T1D

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70
Q

how does hyperclycemia occur in T1D

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71
Q

how does polyphagia occur in T1D

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72
Q

how can you get muscle tissue loss in T1D

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73
Q

how can you get metabolic acidosis in T1D

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74
Q

how can you get low BP in T1D

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75
Q

how can you get polydipsia in T1D

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76
Q

how can you get osmotic diuresis and polyurea in T1D

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PSL300 (24 decks)

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