Endocrine 1: Principles Flashcards
What is homeostasis
maintaining constant internal environment amid changing conditions
When homeostasis is lost, the organism tries to ______. If they fail, _____. If they succeed, ______.
compensate
the organism gets sick
wellness
True or False: homeostasis is equilibrium. Explain why or why not
FALSE
it doesnt need to be eq, it just needs to be a dynamic steady
What is feedback control?
a method to maintain homeostasis; letting the body know what to do to bring us back to eq
Steps in a reflex are:
stimulus sensor afferent integrating efferent target response
What is a setpoint in homeostasis? Does a response get generated as soon as you leave the set point?
set point is what the usual conditions are
you get a response when you fluctuate in and around the setpoint
What is a stabilizing loop? What is this also known as? Describe what happens
negative feedback
stimulus goes back and cancels original stimulus
What is a reinforcing loop? aka? describe what happens:
positive feedback
stimulus goes back and reinforces response
can be influenced by outside factors to get inhibited
Describe the steps of the cortisol release and negative feedback loop
- hypothalamus gets stimulus
- hyp releases CRH
- CRH bind to anterior pituitary
- AP releases ACTH
- ACTH goes to adrenal cortex
- adrenal cortex releases cortisol
- cortisol goes to target tissue
when enough cortisol is made, it goes back and suppressed CRH and ACTH release
Describe the steps of uterine contraction positive feedback
If a hormone is released in response to low blood pressure and acts to reduce blood pressure this is an example of
Three type of local control/local cell communication methods
What are gap junctions? What moves through them?
What is a contact dependent signal?
What are autocrine signals? Paracrine signals?
What are 2 (3) type of long distance communication?
How does the endocrine system send signals?
Do hormones elicit a response in every cell they come across?