Endocrine 4: calcium balance Flashcards
what are the roles of calcium
where is calcium found in the body
How much calcium is stored in the bone vs ECF vs cell
How is calcium stored in the bones? is it all readily exchangeable?
what do osteoblasts do?
What do osteoclasts do?
What do osteocytes do?
What are you doing when you are making bone?
How do osteoclasts allow for bone resorption?
Explain how damage to the bone will be filled in
RANK is on _______
RANKL is on _______
When RANk binds with RANKL:
when osteoblasts secrete OPG what happens to osteoclasts?
the three hormones that control plasma ca levels are:
where is PTH released from?
What does PTH do? what stimulates it?
The more free calcium there is, the ___ PTH there is
when calcium IS present, what us the pathway of PTH inhibition in the PT gland?
what does PTH do to promote plasma calcium?
What is calcitrol?
What organs help develop calcitrol?
What is each step in developing calcitrol?
how does PTH promote calcitrol synthesis?
how does calcitrol act on the small intestine?
How does calcitrol act on the liver and the bone
How does calcitrol interact with the VDR receptor? What does this whole pathway lead to?
How do PTH and calcitrol work together to fix calcium defecits overall?
Where does blood phosphate come from?
What does PTH do to blood phosphate? (keep in mind PTH is released when there is low calcium, so you want more calcium in the blood, and you dont want calcium phosphate crystals to form…)
What does calcitrol do to blood phosphate? (Keep in mind: calcitrol helps the body absorb more calcium)
what are the three ways that pth raises blood plasma calcium ?
Where is calcitonin secreted from?
What is the trigger for calcitonin?
What type of receptors do C cells have that allow for calcitonin release?
What is the function of calcitonin on osteoclasts, osteoblasts, and kidneys
What is hypercalcemia
What happens in hypercalcemia
What is hypocalcemia
What happens in hypocalcemia
Three ways that calcium homeostatsis is affected:
