Employee and Labor Relations Flashcards
Who are the members of a works council
Representatives of workers and management
The ownership of innovation by an individual or business enterprise
Intellectual property (IP)
A broad statement that reflects an organization’s philosophy, objectives, or standards concerning a particular set of management or employee activities.
A policy
General steps of the Grievance Process
Immediate supervisor; Next level; Higher-level management; Third-party determination
The process by which management and union representatives negotiate the employment conditions for a particular bargaining unit.
Collective bargaining
A method of nonbinding dispute resolution involving a third party who tries to help the disputing parties reach a mutually agreeable decision.
Mediation (also known as conciliation)
A negotiated procedure in which labor and management agree to submit disputes to an impartial third party and abide by the arbitrator’s decision.
Arbitration
Three generic labor strategies
acceptance, avoidance, and adaptation.
a group of workers who coordinate their activities to achieve common goals (e.g., better wages, hours, or working conditions; job security; training) in their relationship with an employer or group of employers
A labor union or trade union
Types of Unions
Single enterprises; Specific trades or crafts; A national union; An industry union
Permanent bodies composed of workforce members that represent employees, generally on a local or organizational level.
Works councils
A form of corporate governance that requires a two-tiered corporate board structure—a typical management board and a supervisory board—that allows management and employees to participate in strategic decision making.
Codetermination
three models of codetermination
Dual system; Single-tier system; Mixed system
Works Councils Structures
Both management and worker representatives; Only worker representatives who are overseen by a member of management; Only worker representatives with no management oversight
a collaboration of governments, employers, and unions which is the norm in many countries
Tripartism
Positioning of employees at the place of work targeted for the action for the purpose of protest. This can be used for similar purposes as strikes, but there is no work stoppage.
Picketing
Which action includes various forms of collective employee actions (or “concerted activities,” in U.S. parlance) taken to protest work conditions or employer actions.
industrial actions
A violation of employee rights as defined in a country’s labor statutes. In general, these rights relate to the core principles of the ILO on the right to organize and bargain collectively.
unfair labor practice (ULP)
The first stage of dispute resolution
an informal meeting of the employee or employees with their immediate manager
Third-party resolution uses an intermediary to create solutions and dispel conflict.
alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
Permits an employee to select an arbitrator from a group of individuals. This allows employees to feel some control over their futures.
Chosen officer
Identifies a specific individual chosen by senior management to conduct investigations and dispute resolution. The credibility of this individual may depend on the credibility of management.
Single designated officer
Establishes a panel of employees (or employees and managers) trained to work together to hear and resolve employee complaints. The panel may be led by an HR professional. It may not change organization policy but sometimes may recommend changes to policy. It is sometimes limited to suspensions and discharges.
Peer review
Designates a neutral third party (from either inside or outside the organization) to investigate employee complaints confidentially and help mediate disputes. The person may draw an opinion and may bring the dispute before management but is usually not empowered to settle grievances. The person may advance unresolved disputes to other forms of ADR.
ombudsperson
A form of corrective action that implements increasingly severe penalties.
Constructive discipline (also called progressive discipline)
typical sequence of constructive disciplinary actions
Verbal counseling, problem-solving, and open dialogue; First formal warning; Second formal warning; (probation, employee’s signature); Final formal warning (time-off, sign a form acknowledging); Discharge or termination
Which is the primary reason why work councils are prohibited in the United States?
company-dominated unions is prohibited
