Emergency War Surgery (Revision US version) Flashcards
What is the correct position to place a patient until a formal airway is established?
In the lateral or prone position (rescue position).
Making more than 3 attempts at direct laryngoscopy may result in?
Airway trauma and swelling.
In a surgical cricothyrotomy what kind of incision must you make in the skin?
Vertical skin incision.
In a surgical cricothyrotomy what kind of incision must you make in the membrane?
Horizontal membrane incision.
What areas are over looked in head injuries?
Subocciput, occiput, and retroauricular regions.
Injuries to the subocciput, occiput, and retroauricular regions indicate underlying injury to the?
Posterior fossa, major venous sinus, or carotid artery.
What are the two most acute and easily treatable mechanisms of secondary injury.
Hypotension and hypoxia.
During patient assessment and triage the most important assessment is the?
Vital signs.
The second most important assessment is the?
Level of consciousness.
Level of consciousness, is best measured and recorded by what scale?
Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS).
The vascular supply of the spinal cord is most vulnerable between?
The T-4 and T-6 where the canal is most narrow.
Where is the most common place for compression injuries?
The thoracolumbar junction between T-10 and L-2.
Triage CAT are Immediate, Delayed, minimal, and expectant.
Immediate - attention within 2 hours to avoid death or disability.
Delayed - in need or surgery but can be delayed fractures, torso injuries without shock, burns, soft tissue injuries without bleeding
Minimal - minor injuries abrasions, fractures of small bones. these patients can assist with other critical patients.
Expectant - should be out of sight of others. overwhelming injuries and intermittently reassessed.
Ideal initial triage are - proximity, one-way flow, well-lit, covered, climate-controled, and dedicated casualty recoreders.
Sufficient litter beares for continuous casualty flow.
REverse patient flow in any treatment area is highly discouraged.
All casualties should flow through a single triage areas
Rapid evaluation by the initial triage officer.
Separate treatment areas from emergent, nonemergent, and expectant with it own triage team leader.
After the first 24 hours of a mass casualty ordeal the activities of care providers must be decreased by 50%. for recovery
Head injuries are Open, closed, scalp, skull fractures
Mechanisms of injury are primary and secondary injuries.
BW - prevention with IMMS: anthrax and in specific scenarios, smallpox and plague.
Bio agents are 4 toxins likely to be used are botulinum toxins, ricin, staphylococcal enteroxin B and T-2 mycotoxins
Plague treatment si Streptomycin
Cholera treatment is ciprofloxacin, doxy, tetracycline.
Q fever
Tetracyccline
