Emergency Management Flashcards
what are the components of the emergency management cycle - PMPRR (5)
1- prevention
2- mitigation
3- preparedness
4- response
5- recovery
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is prevention (1)
1- Directed at stopping a potential emergency
from occurring, focuses on the hazard and the
environment that it threatens (i.e. HIRA)
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is mitigation (1)
1- Reduce a hazard’s impact on the community
before, during, or after the event
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is preparedness (1)
1- Ensure an efficient response through planning
and preparation
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is response (1)
1- Address the immediate and short-term effects
of an emergency
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what is recovery (1)
1- Restore the community to an acceptable state, communication to the public
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of prevention (4)
1- Food handler training
2- Immunization programs
3- Zoning to prevent building on flood plains
4- Communicate about risks to stakeholders
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of mitigation (2)
1- Boil water advisory
2- Mass immunization program
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of preparedness (3)
1- Conducting a training/table top exercise
2- Surveillance and epidemiology
3- Maintain inventory of medical assets
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of response (3)
1- Implementing a warming or cooling centre
2- Mass immunization / mass prophylaxis
3- Crisis communication
re: emergency mgmt cycle, what are examples of recovery (2)
1- Evaluating an outbreak investigation
2- Environmental assessment after spill
what does HIRA stand for (1)
1- hazard identification and risk assessment
what is hazard identification (1)
1- identify hazards that could
affect the community, including natural hazards,
technological hazards, and anthropogenic hazards
what is risk assessment - PI, 2 types of assessments (1)
1- Probability assessment: chance of occurrence
2- Impact assessment: consider social impacts,
property damage, environmental damage,
infrastructure or service disruption, financial impact,
psychosocial impact
what are general approaches for crisis communications (the ‘what’s’, the ‘be’s’ (2)
1- What we know, what we don’t know, what we are
doing to find out, what are
actions to address issue, what you can do to protect yourself and others
2- Be first, be right, be credible, be sympathetic,
be action-promoting, be respectful
what is the incident management system (IMS) - what does it do (1)
1- Organizational structure through which a public
health unit should direct emergency response
operations
what are the key aspects of incident management systems (IMS) (5)
1- span of control (ideal 3-7)
2- operational briefing
3- organizational chart
4- contraction
5- after-action report
what are the principles of IMS - I’ll MISS-U-IF (7)
1- modular
2- interoperable
3- standardized
4- simple
5- unity of command
6- integrated communication
7- flexible and scalable
re: IMS principles, what does modular mean (1)
1- Composed of discrete but
interrelated components
re: IMS principles, what does interoperable mean (1)
1- Functional and
technological ability for
responders from different
jurisdictions/
organizations to work
together (e.g., by sharing the
same procedures)
re: IMS principles, what does standardized mean (1)
1- Shared management
structures and terminology
re: IMS principles, what does simple mean (1)
1- Elements are eliminated
when no longer needed
re: IMS principles, what does unity of command mean (1)
1- Each person, at every level,
reports to only one clearly
designated supervisor
re: IMS principles, what does integrated communication mean (1)
1- Communicate with
stakeholders consistently
re: IMS principles, what does flexible and scalable mean (1)
1- Can be expanded or contracted to address any size of incident
what are the key functions of IMS - iFLOP (5)
1- incident command
2- finance (pays)
3- logistics (gets)
4- operations (does)
5- planning (prepares)
re: IMS key functions, what are the 3 command staff as part of incident command (on top of incident commander) - SIL (3)
1- safety
2- information
3- liaison
re: IMS key functions, what does finance do (1)
1- Recording, tracking, and
coordinating payment/funding for purchases related to
the emergency
re: IMS key functions, what does logistics do (1)
1- Procure, mobilize and deploy resources to assist in response (e.g. supplies, equipment, facilities, services or personnel)
re: IMS key functions, what does operations do (1)
1- Directs staff resources to
accomplish response activities (e.g. investigation, sampling, surveillance)
re: IMS key functions, what does planning do (1)
1- technical expertise required to respond to the outbreak and engages in data analysis activities to ensure that advice is based on epidemiological, laboratory and other data
what is continuity of operations plan (COOP) - what does it do (1)
1- defines how organizational interests will be protected and its internal essential operations will be sustained during an emergency
what part of the emergency mgmt cycle does a COOP address (1)
1- Bridges the gap between the Response and Recovery phases
what are common COOP scenarios (5)
1- Strike contingency planning
2- Loss of access to a facility
3- Loss of services due to equipment or system failure
4- Natural disaster
5- Pandemic (influenza)
what are general steps of a COOP (3_
1- Identify time-critical public health services that
must be delivered
2- Assign resources to maintain time-critical public
health functions and identify dependencies and
vulnerabilities to continued delivery
3- Develop recovery procedures to guide
restoration of time-critical services
what are populations at risk of extreme heat emergency - MP-SCONE (7)
1- Extremes of age - Infants, young children, and older adults
2- chronic illnesses or who are physically impaired
3- meds - People taking certain medications that affect
heat sensitivity by interfering with the body’s
cooling functions or water/salt retention (e.g.,
antihypertensives, antidepressants, antipsychotics,
anti-Parkinson’s)
4- Socially disadvantaged individuals (e.g.,
homeless people, people living alone, those lacking air conditioning)
5- Newcomers to Canada and transient populations (e.g., tourists)
6- occupation - Certain occupational groups (e.g., farmers,
construction workers, miners, tree planters)
7- physical activity - Those who are physically active
what are health impacts of extreme heat events - HEF-CHEDDAR (10)
1- Heat edema
2- rash
3- cramps
4- fainting
5- exhaustion
6- heat stroke
7- death
8- Allergies
9- enteric disease from food spoilage
10- drowning
using the emergency mgmt cycle, what are some approaches to managing extreme heat events - prevention (1)
1- reduce urban heat island effect
using the emergency mgmt cycle, what are some approaches to managing extreme heat events - preparedness (5)
1-Assess heat-health vulnerability
2- Improve social capital/networks
3- Stakeholder outreach
4- Develop heat alert protocols
5- Develop communication and response plans
using the emergency mgmt cycle, what are some approaches to managing extreme heat events - response (4)
1-Alert protocols: activate response, identify heat-health risks
2- Community response plans: assist vulnerable people
3- Community mobilization and engagement: open cooling centres
4- Communication plans: alert citizens and stakeholders, deliver
education about adaptation
using the emergency mgmt cycle, what are some approaches to managing extreme heat events - recovery (2)
1- Improve heat alert and response plans
2- Identify improvement opportunities
what are health impacts of extreme cold events - WFHD (4)
1- windburn
2- frostbite
3- hypothermia
4- death
which populations are at higher risk of adverse outcomes from extreme cold events - CHEMOS (6)
1- Extremes of age (infants, young children, and
older adults
2- Outdoor workers
3- chronic - People with chronic medical conditions or
underlying infections
4- meds - People taking certain medications (including beta blockers)
5- sport - Winter sport enthusiasts
6- Homeless persons and those lacking shelter or
proper clothing
what are key messages to the public/media for extreme cold events - LADS (4)
1- Dress warmly and in layers
2- Stay dry and change out of wet clothing
3- Look for shelter if caught outside
4- Avoid consuming alcohol before going outside
what are some causes of flooding - items 1-4 = climate-related causes, items 5-7 = land features involved - HISS FDS (7)
1- heavy or prolonged rainfall
2- snowmelt
3- ice jams
4- sea level rise
in conjunction with:
5- drainage
6- soil type
7- flood control systems
what are short term health effects from flooding - HIDE (4)
1- drowning
2- injuries
3- hypothermia
4- electrocution
what are long term health effects from flooding - WFV CMCM (7)
1- waterborne disease
2- foodborne
disease
3- vector-borne disease
4- chemical
contamination of drinking water
5- mould exposure
6- carbon monoxide poisoning (after flooding due to damage to heating systems)
7- mental health (PTSD)
what are some public health actions that can be taken to address health risks from flooding - FEB (3)
1- Food safety education: throw away perishable
foods and foods that have come in contact with
flood water
2- BWA: Issue boil water advisory, as needed
3- Education regarding removing stagnant water,
preventing mold growth, and preventing CO poisoning
what are characteristics that make an event suspicious for bioterrorism (deliberate epidemic) - D<-U->E MAUDD (7)
1- Unusual event: with higher morbidity or
mortality than expected
2- Uncommon disease: vector-borne disease in an
area without a competent vector
3- Multiple epidemics: especially if a single agent at
multiple locations
4- AR - Lower attack rates in protected individuals:
individuals in buildings with filtered air supply
5- Dead animals: bioterrorism agents are often
zoonoses
6- Unusual disease manifestation/transmission:
inhalational rather than cutaneous anthrax
7- Downwind plume pattern: cases cluster in a
downwind plume pattern
