EKG & Blood Pressure QUIZ & LAB

Question 1

The Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) required for acceptable organ perfusion is
a. >40 mm Hg
b. >80 mm Hg
c. > 60 mm Hg
d. >100 mm Hg

Answer 1

c. > 60 mm Hg

Question 2

The formula for determining Mean Arterial Pressure is:
a. 2/3 systolic + 1/3 diastolic pressures
b. it can’t be determined without a oscillometric machine
c. 1/3 systolic + 2/3 diastolic pressures
d. 1/2 systolic + 1/2 diastolic pressures

Answer 2

c. 1/3 systolic + 2/3 diastolic pressures

Question 3

Answer 3

100bpm

10qrs x 10 =100

Question 4

For either doppler or oscillometic blood pressure evaluation techniques, the cuff width should be ____ of the circumference of the leg at the point of placement.
a. 40%
b. 25%
c. it doesn’t matter as long as the cuff will wrap around the leg
d. 50%

Answer 4

a. 40%

Question 5

Pulseless Electrical Activity:
1. is when the pulse can’t be felt due to patient obesity
2. never occurs in veterinary medicine
3. may occur during anesthesia and is rapidly fatal if untreated
4. is when the pulse oximeter gives false readings

Answer 5

3. may occur during anesthesia and is rapidly fatal if untreated

Question 6

Correct placement of the EKG electrodes (clips) in right lateral recumbency with correctly color-coded wires is:
Right front leg:
Left front leg:
Right rear leg:
Left rear leg:

Answer 6

R front: White
L front: Black
R rear: Green
L rear: Red

Question 7

Answer 7

Lead III

Question 8

1. ventricular tachycardia
2. atrial fibrillation
3. PVCs (premature ventricular contractions)
4. sinus arrhythmia

Answer 8

2. atrial fibrillation
   - No distinct P waves generating each QRS = atrial fibrillation

Question 9

1. Ventricular tachycardia
2. PVC (premature ventricular contraction)
3. 60 cycle interference
4. Sinus arrhythmia

Answer 9

2. PVC
   - Beat #4 is “bizzare” without a P wave, wide, inverted…this is a PVC. The pause (change in rate) is because the ventricles pace at a slower rate than the AV node…basically an emergency escape beat when no signal came from the SA node

Question 10

Describe the correct technique for acquiring an EKG on a dog. (4)

Answer 10

a. place patient in right lateral recumbency on non-metal surface
b. place electrodes correctly and apply contact agent (electrode gel or alcohol)
c. keep patient calm and still
d. record strip at 25 mm/sec for about 1 minute; then record strip at 50 mm/sec for 10 seconds

Question 11

Name two possible causes of a heart arrhythmia.

Answer 11

1. Cardiac anatomical defect
2. Low O2/hypoxia
3. Hypo-/hypercalcemia

More:
a. electrolyte abnormalities
b. cardiac trauma
c. cardiac infection

Question 12

Why is blood pressure cuff size important? (2)

Answer 12

1. If cuff is too small, readings will be artificially high
2. If cuff is too large, readings will be artificially low

Question 13

What should be included on an EKG strip? (4)

Answer 13

1. Patient name & info
2. Date
3. Time
4. Tech initials

Question 14

1. HR?
2. Describe what you see
3. Name of rhythm?

Answer 14

1. 40bpm
2. Description:
   - No p-wave
   - Narrow QRS complex
   - Low HR
3. Atrial Fibrillation (unclear P-wave)

Question 15

1. HR?
2. Describe what you see
3. Name of rhythm?

Answer 15

1. 140bpm
2. Describe:
   - Some irregular R-R intervals
   - Possible muscle tremors
3. Sinus arrhythmia
   - Normal in dogs
   - This is only if rhythm is synchronous with breathing

Question 16

1. HR?
2. Describe what you see
3. Name of rhythm?

Answer 16

1. 60bpm
2. Describe
   - Consistent pattern first two strips
   - Chaotic rhythm in last strip
   - Irregular waves
   - No defined P, QRS, or T-waves
3. Ventricular Fibrillation (& Atrial standstill)