Egypt: Context Before 1870

Question 1

How was Egypt considered in 1857?

Answer 1

British traders used Egypt as an important route between Europe and Aida from the 18th century and it had become a key route to India but Britain had been largely hostile to the Muslim rulers of Egypt therefore, it was not seen as possible for Britain to control Egypt

Question 2

When did Napoleon do in 1798?

Answer 2

Recognise the commercial importance of Egypt and had sent troops to undermine the British and protect the French trading interest

Question 3

Who recognised the commercial importance of Egypt and had sent troops to undermine the British and protect the French trading interest in 1798?

Answer 3

Napoleon

Question 4

When had Napoleon recognised the commercial importance of Egypt and had sent troops to undermine the British and protect the French trading interest?

Answer 4

1798

Question 5

What a happened in 1801?

Answer 5

British troops forced Napoleon out of Egypt

Question 6

When had British troops forced Napoleon out of Egypt?

Answer 6

1801

Question 7

Until what year did British troops remain in Egypt after forcing Napoleon out in 1801?

Answer 7

1805

Question 8

What happened in 1805?

Answer 8

New vigorous leader, Muhammad Ail, came to power. The British supported the Turkish against the wishes of Muhammad Ail, who wanted to get rid of the Turkish overlordship. The French however supported Muhammad Ail and increased their economic bases. Muhammad Ail was succeeded by members of his dynasty.

Question 9

When were British interests in Egypt revived?

Answer 9

American Civil War (1861-1865)

Question 10

What was the impact of the American Civil War (1861-1865)?

Answer 10

Revived British interest in the American civil war

Question 11

What happened in the American Civil War (1861-1865) that revived British interest in Egypt?

Answer 11

British mills were starved of raw cotton. Egypt had a good quality and supply of cotton, therefore British companies began investing heavily in the production of Egyptian cotton and in the modernising program of Khedive, Isma’il Pasha.

Question 12

By the 1870s, what percentage of Egyptian imports were coming from Britain?

Answer 12

40%

Question 13

In what year were 40% of Egyptian imports coming from Britain?

Answer 13

1870s

Question 14

What happened in January 1863?

Answer 14

Isma’il Pasha came into power

Question 15

When did Isma’il Pasha come into power?

Answer 15

January 1863

Question 16

Define the rule of Isma’il Pasha:

Answer 16

Committed to the process of modernisation initiated by Ottoman ruler (Muhammad Ali Pasha), who established professional army and extended Egyptian rule through the Sudan. Isma’il embarked on a number of projects (irrigation, railway, schools, street lighting, cutting of the Suez Canal through Egypt to connect the Mediterranean with the Red Sea and the Arabian Peninsula)

Question 17

Who was committed to the process of modernisation initiated by Ottoman ruler (Muhammad Ali Pasha), who established professional army and extended Egyptian rule through the Sudan?

Answer 17

Isma’il Pasha

Question 18

Who embarked on a number of projects (irrigation, railway, schools, street lighting, cutting of the Suez Canal through Egypt to connect the Mediterranean with the Red Sea and the Arabian Peninsula)?

Answer 18

Isma’il Pasha