Edelman & Kudzma (2021) p. 316 - 341

Question 1

Preschooler Child: ages 3 to ___.

Answer 1

6

Question 2

Mild In-Toeing

Answer 2

Metatarsus Adductus

Question 3

Protuberant abdomen of the toddler (disappears/remains) during the preschool years.

Answer 3

disappears

Question 4

Average preschoolers gain approximately ___ kg (___ pounds) of body weight each year.

Answer 4

2

4

Question 5

Average preschoolers grow ___ cm (___ inches) in height each year.

Answer 5

7

2

Question 6

Head circumference increases by less than ___ cm during the entire preschool period.

Answer 6

2

Question 7

Growth rates remain (unstable/steady) from age 3 to 6 years.

Answer 7

steady

Question 8

During early childhood, skin matures in its ability to protect the child from outer invasion and loss of ___.

Answer 8

fluids

Question 9

Part of the body’s heat-regulation mechanism.

Answer 9

Eccrine Sweat Gland Function

Question 10

Eccrine sweat gland function, part of the body’s heat-regulation mechanism, (gradually/rapidly) matures.

Answer 10

gradually

Question 11

By the end of the preschool years, urine excretion ranges from 650 to ___ mL (19-30 ounces).

Answer 11

1000

Question 12

Under (stressful/normal) homeostatic conditions, the preschooler’s renal system conserves water and concentrates urine on a level that approximates adult abilities.

Answer 12

normal

Question 13

Intolerance to milk products manifested by diarrhea, often appearing during the preschool years.

Answer 13

Lactose Intolerance

Question 14

Lung capacity continues to increase, with a gradual (decrease/increase) in respiratory rate.

Answer 14

decrease

Question 15

A gradual increase in the size and shape of the ears coincides with decreases in the incidence of ___ media (middle ear infection).

Answer 15

otitis

Question 16

___ and adenoids are large compared with their throat, which may contribute to noisy breathing and upper respiratory tract infections in preschoolers.

Answer 16

Tonsils

Question 17

Heart rate for preschoolers ranges from ___ to 70 beats per minute, with a mean blood pressure of ___/60 mm Hg

Answer 17

40

100

Question 18

Initial encounters with such group activities usually result in (decreases/increases) in illness.

Answer 18

increases

Question 19

Permanent teeth tend to erupt approximately 6 months (earlier/later) in girls than in boys.

Answer 19

earlier

Question 20

Risk of ___ exists in children younger than 8 years and is influenced by both the dose and the frequency of exposure to fluoride during tooth development.

Answer 20

fluorosis

Question 21

Caused by taking in too much fluoride over a long period when the teeth are forming under the gums.

Answer 21

Flurosis

Question 22

After the ___ birthday, a pea-sized amount of fluoride toothpaste may be used.

Answer 22

3rd

Question 23

Children should have regular dental visits every ___ months.

Answer 23

6

Question 24

Fluoride varnish is recommended in the primary care setting every ___ to 6 months, starting at tooth emergence.

Answer 24

3

Question 25

Over-the-counter fluoride rinse is not recommended for children younger than ___ years because of the risk of their swallowing higher-than-recommended levels of fluoride.

Answer 25

6

Question 26

Refers to the genetically assigned sex of male or female based on chromosomes, XX for females and XY for males.

Answer 26

Biological Sex

Question 27

Boys tend to experience (less/more) childhood illnesses than do girls from 3 to 6 years of age.

Answer 27

more

Question 28

Preschoolers are (less/more) aware of their gender than are toddlers.

Answer 28

more

Question 29

Personal sense of self as male or female which may not be related to their sex assigned at birth.

Answer 29

Gender Identity

Question 30

Those with a gender expression or identity which differs from their biological sex.

Answer 30

Gender Independent

Question 31

Related economic and cultural issues.

Answer 31

Ethnicity

Question 32

Genetic problems most likely to appear during the preschool years are cystic fibrosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, fragile X syndrome, Williams syndrome, and ___, which is generally considered a genetic disorder with a high degree (90%) of heritability.

Answer 32

autism

Question 33

These disorders, characterized by aberrant social interaction, communication, and stereotyped patterns of behaviour, affect 0.5% to 1.0% of the population and are often diagnosed or suspected in the preschool years, when social interaction plays a larger role in development.

Answer 33

Autism

Question 34

By age 4 or 5 years, children have amassed their beliefs about health from the ___.

Answer 34

family

Question 35

Pain or illness may be viewed as a ___.

Answer 35

punishment

Question 36

The preschooler’s declaration, “if you don’t put your seat belt on you will get in an accident,” is a statement that reflects the idea of expected immediate and absolute cause and ___.

Answer 36

effect

Question 37

Match the appropriate age with the corresponding Developmental and Behavioural Milestones for Preschool Children.

Answer 37

Question 38

Although preschoolers are not completely responsible for their own health management, they certainly contribute by brushing their ___, taking medication, wearing appropriate clothing for inclement weather, and performing other actions.

Answer 38

teeth

Question 39

Children should eat a variety of foods, with at least ___ servings of fruits and vegetables per day.

Answer 39

5

Question 40

Children aged 3 to 5 years old should receive 1100 to ___ calories per day.

Answer 40

1650

Question 41

Preschool children need to eat (small/large) amounts of food (less/more) often throughout the day.

Answer 41

small

more

Question 42

Fat requirements in preschool children are (lower/higher) than those for older children.

Answer 42

higher

Question 43

Fat consumption should consist primarily of ___ fat.

Answer 43

unsaturated

Question 44

For bone growth, children aged ___ to 8 years require a calcium intake of approximately 700 to 1000 mg.

Answer 44

1

Question 45

To prevent iron-deficiency anemia, preschool children should consume 7-___ mg of iron a day.

Answer 45

10

Question 46

Deficiencies in ___ can cause behavioural and intellectual deficiencies.

Answer 46

iron

Question 47

Decay and crumbling of a tooth or bone.

Answer 47

Caries

Question 48

Salt and ___ intake should be moderate.

Answer 48

sugar

Question 49

Older preschoolers frequently (refuse/are keen) to try new foods.

Answer 49

refuse

Question 50

Selecting ___ foods that facilitate independence helps the preschooler learn to eat without assistance.

Answer 50

finger

Question 51

Increased consumption of ___ and processed foods along with diminished physical activity has contributed to a significant increase in the frequency of obesity and type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents.

Answer 51

fats

Question 52

For example, some families may institute a “take a little taste before you ___” standard for foods at the preschool age.

Answer 52

refuse

Question 53

Preschoolers (struggle/thrive) with the intricacies of using utensils.

Answer 53

struggle

Question 54

In the later years of the preschool period, children attain skill with (spoons/forks), demonstrate fair proficiency with (spoons/forks), and manage knives for spreading soft foods on bread or crackers.

Answer 54

spoons

forks

Question 55

The prevalence of food allergy in children in Canada continues to (decrease/increase), affecting up to 7% of children.

Answer 55

increase

Question 56

Most allergies develop before the age of ___ years.

Answer 56

2

Question 57

The foods most likely to cause allergic reactions in the preschool age group include milk, ___, and peanuts.

Answer 57

eggs

Question 58

Older preschool children are capable of and responsible for (dependent/independent) toileting.

Answer 58

independent

Question 59

Primary activity for preschoolers as well as for toddlers.

Answer 59

Play

Question 60

Most ___-year-old children separate easily from their parents, play simple interactive games, dress themselves, copy a number of basic geometrical figures well, and draw recognizable people.

Answer 60

4

Question 61

Offers a vehicle that allows them to explore while experimenting with who they are, who they might become, and how they relate to others socially.

Answer 61

Play

Question 62

Often reveals the child’s reality and complex perception of the world.

Answer 62

Play

Question 63

Young children (seldom/often) assume the role of a younger child or infant while playing.

Answer 63

seldom

Question 64

Through ___, preschoolers learn to exert control over their own behaviour.

Answer 64

play

Question 65

Children who express their anger in a play situation aggressively by vocalizing their distress, scolding the offending party, or using withdrawal of attention are (less/more) likely to respond with aggression or tantrum behaviour when facing frustration or anger in real-life situations.

Answer 65

more

Question 66

Preschool children engage in more (independent/interactive) play than at any other age.

Answer 66

interactive

Question 67

Two or more children may become involved in an imaginary plot, especially when toys and equipment support a particular scenario, such as toy kitchen equipment.

Answer 67

Dramatic Play

Question 68

The goal of ___ or pretend play is to derive meaning from their play experience using their knowledge and skills acquired.

Answer 68

symbolic

Question 69

Time orientation remains (incompletely/completely) developed in preschoolers.

Answer 69

incompletely

Question 70

Preschoolers (do not have/have) an idea about past and future.

Answer 70

have

Question 71

This play increases from the toddler to the preschool period, and then declines by approximately 10% for each advancing year of age.

Answer 71

Active

Question 72

Nurses should encourage parents to engage the preschool child in active, ___, and rough-and-tumble play.

Answer 72

locomotor

Question 73

Preschoolers should accumulate at least ___ minutes of physical activity (including at least ___ minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity).

Answer 73

180

60

Question 74

Preschoolers should obtain between ___ and 13 hours of sleep (including naps).

Answer 74

10

Question 75

Preschoolers should engage in no more than ___ hour of screen time.

Answer 75

1

Question 76

Children do not usually need formal ___-strengthening programs, such as lifting weights.

Answer 76

muscle

Question 77

Preschoolers should sleep from 10 to 13 hours a day including naps, with (inconsistent/consistent) bedtimes and wake-up times.

Answer 77

consistent

Question 78

For many older preschoolers, a nap is (not/still) necessary.

Answer 78

not

Question 79

Provides a welcome respite for the parent, along with a chance for the active preschooler to relax before afternoon activities.

Answer 79

Quiet-Time

Question 80

Night-time fears, nightmares, sleepwalking, and sleep terrors are at their (minimum/peak) during the preschool stage of development.

Answer 80

peak

Question 81

These children prolong bedtime routines (less/more) often than the toddler.

Answer 81

more

Question 82

The bedtime ritual generally lasts ___ minutes or longer.

Answer 82

30

Question 83

Consistency with the routine (hinders/helps) to ameliorate bedtime battles.

Answer 83

helps

Question 84

Vigorous resistance to bedtime challenges parents (less/more) during the preschool period than at any other developmental stage.

Answer 84

more

Question 85

Occurs when this resistance is associated with a negative association with sleep.

Answer 85

Behavioural Insomnia

Question 86

When a demanding bedtime behaviour extends beyond ___ year or an episode persists longer than 1 hour, the nurse explores the family situation.

Answer 86

1

Question 87

Night ___ and nightmares characterize the night-time wakening problems that generally occur during the preschool years.

Answer 87

terrors

Question 88

___ in children may be somewhat modifiable and parents may consider strategies to influence their preschooler’s behaviour that focus on their ___.

Answer 88

Temperament

temperament

Question 89

Manifest themselves as frightening dreams that cause the child to sit up in bed, scream, stare at an imaginary object, breathe heavily, perspire, and appear in obvious distress.

Answer 89

Night Terrors

Question 90

These night terrors can start at approximately age ___ years but are more common during the preschool years.

Answer 90

2

Question 91

Children during night terrors, not fully awake, may be inconsolable for ___ minutes or more, before they relax and return to a deep sleep.

Answer 91

10

Question 92

In most cases the child does not recall the night terror and in the morning does not ___ the incident.

Answer 92

remember

Question 93

Rarely occur in older children and adults, and only approximately 6% of preschool children have them.

Answer 93

Night Terrors

Question 94

Anxiety Dreams

Answer 94

Nightmares

Question 95

A more common cause of night wakening.

Answer 95

Nightmares

Question 96

After age ___ years, nightmares occur frequently.

Answer 96

3

Question 97

During these, children can waken fully and feel fearful and helpless.

Answer 97

Nightmares

Question 98

Given by a parent who sits with the child, listens to descriptions and fears about the dream, and reminds the child that dreaming is natural and sleep will soon return.

Answer 98

Consolation

Question 99

Helping children appreciate the meaning of the words ___ and real facilitates growth during this phase of childhood.

Answer 99

pretend

Question 100

A consistent sleep environment with the same bed in a room that is cool, quiet, and dark (without/with) a television promotes sleep.

Answer 100

without

Question 101

Parents have clear ___ about children sleeping with them if the children will not stay in their own beds.

Answer 101

rules

Question 102

Internalization of family ___ has been associated with social competency in this age group.

Answer 102

rules

Question 103

The older toddler enters the first substage of the ___ stage described by Piaget.

Answer 103

preoperational

Question 104

The hallmark of this preconceptual substage includes the ability to function symbolically using language.

Answer 104

preoperational

Question 105

Preschoolers considering only their own personal meanings for symbols is an example of this.

Answer 105

Egocentrism

Question 106

Attention focuses solely on one part of an object without shifting.

Answer 106

Centring

Question 107

This behaviour, termed ___ by Piaget, illustrates the child’s inability to consider more than one factor at a time when solving simple problems.

Answer 107

centring

Question 108

This term explains that the child is unable to connect the reversible operation (the transfer of the water back into the original cup) to reach the logical conclusion that the differently shaped containers may hold the same amount of water.

Answer 108

Irreversibility

Question 109

Piaget describes the ___ stage of thinking as transductive reasoning.

Answer 109

preoperative

Question 110

The child moves only from particular to particular in making associations and solving problems.

Answer 110

Transductive Reasoning

Question 111

The child cannot proceed from general to particular.

Answer 111

Deduction

Question 112

The child cannot proceed from particular to general.

Answer 112

Induction

Question 113

Piaget relates an association made by one of his children between being hunchbacked and being ill.

Answer 113

Transductive Reasoning

Question 114

They are controlled totally by the child and are not a threat.

Answer 114

Imaginary Companions

Question 115

In this way the preschooler practices social interactions, controls a fearsome beast, or blames someone for naughty behaviour without fear of being scolded, shame, or attack.

Answer 115

Imaginary Companions

Question 116

It appears most frequently during infancy through approximately the fourth year.

Answer 116

Amblyopia

Question 117

Reduced vision in one eye caused by abnormal visual development early in life (lazy eye).

Answer 117

Amblyopia

Question 118

By approximately age ___ years, the child should approach a 20/20 visual acuity level.

Answer 118

6

Question 119

Vision capabilities, which are well developed by ___ years of age, continue to undergo refinement during the early childhood period.

Answer 119

2

Question 120

Depth perception and colour vision become fully established, and the child recognizes subtle differences in colour shading by the ___ year.

Answer 120

6th

Question 121

(Maximal/minimal) visual capability is usually achieved by the end of the preschool years.

Answer 121

Maximal

Question 122

Nearsightedness

Answer 122

Myopic Vision

Question 123

A common vision condition in which near objects appear clear, but objects farther away look blurry.

Answer 123

Myopic Vision

Question 124

In the normal sequence of growth, the eyeball becomes increasingly spherical, losing the short shape typical of infancy and progressing to the point at which light converges accurately on the surface of the retina. This change occurs at approximately ___ years of age. When this change occurs before the ___ year, growth continues past the point of ideal light conversion, the eyeball lengthens, and the child may develop early myopic vision, which will progress with age.

Answer 124

6

6th

Question 125

Glasses are always indicated for the child who develops myopia before approximately age ___ years.

Answer 125

8

Question 126

Early detection requires regular screening with standardized tests such the ___ screening test, which, when administered under standardized procedures, has the advantage of rendering a reliable estimate of actual visual acuity.

Answer 126

Snellen

Question 127

The Canadian Paediatric Society recommends regular vision screening of children starting at age ___ years.

Answer 127

3

Question 128

Children who do not pass a vision screen should be taken to an ___ or ophthalmologist for further examination.

Answer 128

optometrist

Question 129

The inability of the eye to focus on an object, significant in the preschool child.

Answer 129

Refractive Errors

Question 130

The prevalence of refractive errors (5-___%) and amblyopia (2-4%) in preschool children places vision loss as an important public health concern; however, some screening tests reveal only refractive errors.

Answer 130

7

Question 131

The pupillary light reflex provides a screening approach for ___.

Answer 131

heterotropia

Question 132

A condition in which the child’s eyes do not focus together to transmit effective, coordinated binocular vision.

Answer 132

Heterotropia

Question 133

Crossing of the eye.

Answer 133

Strabismus

Question 134

Accurate testing for all types of colour blindness requires a specialized tool, such as the ___ test, which uses a series of cards with colour-tinted letters and figures.

Answer 134

Ishihara

Question 135

The ___-year-old preschooler begins to discriminate among remarkably similar speech sounds, such as the difference between sounds made with ‘f’ and ‘th’ or ‘f’ and ‘s.’

Answer 135

4

Question 136

Otitis media with ___ can occasionally result in temporary hearing loss.

Answer 136

effusion

Question 137

Parents who notice language delays because of ___ infections should be referred to their health care provider for appropriate follow-up care for their children.

Answer 137

ear

Question 138

Preschool children possess the developmental capability to have standard audiometric ___ performed on them.

Answer 138

tests

Question 139

Preschoolers respond powerfully to visual illusions and (do not have/have) difficulty discriminating between right and left mirror images.

Answer 139

have

Question 140

Toward the end of the preschool period, ___ language rivals that of an adult except for minor deficiencies in refinement, vocabulary, and structure.

Answer 140

expressive

Question 141

Throughout early childhood, receptive capacity (subceeds/exceeds) expressive capacity.

Answer 141

exceeds

Question 142

Between 3 and 5 years of age, children practice speaking by ___ adult language patterns.

Answer 142

mimicking

Question 143

Hesitations, repetitions, and frequent revisions in speech reflect attempts to (condense/expand) language capacity.

Answer 143

expand

Question 144

Reactions of impatience while waiting for the child to express thoughts and negative social interactions (decrease/increase) the child’s opportunities to use language.

Answer 144

decrease

Question 145

Originates during the preschool developmental period and is associated with response and reaction from adults and other children to the normal preschool broken speech pattern.

Answer 145

Stuttering

Question 146

As many as ___% of expressive language delays resolve during the preschool years.

Answer 146

60

Question 147

Preschoolers (do not/ do) spontaneously use rehearsal or other mnemonic techniques for remembering.

Answer 147

do not

Question 148

The nurse tests memory by asking the child to repeat an arbitrary sequence of numbers. By approximately age ___ years, children are able to repeat four consecutively named numbers easily.

Answer 148

5

Question 149

Screening instruments (are not/are) diagnostic tools.

Answer 149

are not

Question 150

In the primary care setting, screening for developmental age can be performed using the ___ Baby Record or the ___ Checklist.

Answer 150

Rourke

Looksee

Question 151

An evidence-informed tool for children up to age 5.

Answer 151

Rourke Baby Record

Question 152

It addresses growth and nutrition monitoring, developmental screening, physical examination parameters, vaccinations, and a guide for safety and health promotion.

Answer 152

Rourke Baby Record

Question 153

A parent report tool to monitor development from 1 month to 6 years.

Answer 153

Looksee Checklist

Question 154

ASD is four times (less/more) common among boys than girls.

Answer 154

more

Question 155

Approximately one in 66 Canadian children are diagnosed with ___ ___ disorders.

Answer 155

autism spectrum

Question 156

ASD

Answer 156

Autism Spectrum Disorders

Question 157

These conditions are considered genetically determined disorders and are only rarely associated with nongenetic risk factors.

Answer 157

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)

Question 158

A formal diagnosis of autism is typically not made until a child is ___ years old.

Answer 158

2

Question 159

A widely used, two-stage parent-completed screening tool for children aged 16 to 30 months (autism).

Answer 159

Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers

Question 160

For higher functioning older children, the Childhood ___ Syndrome Test and the Social ___ Questionnaire are well-developed and validated screening tools.

Answer 160

Asperger

Communication

Question 161

Preschoolers develop a sense of ___ through their vigorous motor activity and active imagination.

Answer 161

initiative

Question 162

Erikson views this growth as the most central developmental task in the emerging self-concept of the preschool years.

Answer 162

Initiative

Question 163

Represents an important strategy for preschoolers to use for stress reduction and experimentation with new roles.

Answer 163

Play

Question 164

___ interaction during the preschool period prepares the child for school.

Answer 164

Social

Question 165

Evidence of social competency can be obtained by discussion and evaluation of the child’s family ___.

Answer 165

drawings

Question 166

Provides an objective, standardized estimate of social functioning and social maturity.

Answer 166

Vineland Social Maturity Scale

Question 167

___ appropriate to the preschooler’s cognitive and emotional level can help parents address children’s feelings and needs during divorce.

Answer 167

Books

Question 168

Child abuse in general and sexual abuse in particular occur (less/more) often within a family than with a stranger as the perpetrator.

Answer 168

more

Question 169

Parents and caregivers who experience workplace stress, financial worries, and other frustrations may project their anger and ___ toward their children.

Answer 169

abuse

Question 170

(It is not/it is) important for families to begin to teach children about how to respond to strangers.

Answer 170

it is

Question 171

Teasing preschoolers about this interest or implying that sexual information is unacceptable or naughty promotes (negativity/positivity).

Answer 171

negativity

Question 172

Can elicit behaviours that indicate sense of self and self-esteem, future success or failure, sense of acceptance, and competence.

Answer 172

Play

Question 173

Frequently, preschoolers continue the scenario to tell their personal stories using dolls and ___.

Answer 173

puppets

Question 174

The nurse begins a story for the child to finish.

Answer 174

Mutual Storytelling

Question 175

Preschoolers use coping mechanisms (different/similar) to those of the toddler (separation anxiety, regression, denial, repression, and projection).

Answer 175

similar

Question 176

Protest behaviour in the form of temper tantrums normally (disappears/continues) as a stress response in the older preschooler.

Answer 176

disappears

Question 177

Temper tantrums that persist through the ___ year indicate a lack of matured coping responses.

Answer 177

5th

Question 178

A positive relationship between the child’s temperament and the demands of the environment.

Answer 178

Goodness of Fit

Question 179

Preschoolers possess a considerable range of experiences and memories; therefore, they respond (less/more) maturely to stress than do toddlers.

Answer 179

more

Question 180

‘Goodness of fit’ can be attained by ___ interaction.

Answer 180

social

Question 181

Preschoolers generally show (lesser/greater) ability to verbalize frustration.

Answer 181

greater

Question 182

Through this preschoolers investigate solutions or responses to stressful events and find inner control for challenging situations.

Answer 182

(Fantasy) Play

Question 183

Preschoolers tend to project ___.

Answer 183

blame

Question 184

Parents should not accuse the preschooler of lying, but rather the adult should help the child decide whether the story is ___ or real.

Answer 184

pretend

Question 185

Modelling and ___ explanation, moving from specific to general, influence moral behaviours appreciably.

Answer 185

induction

Question 186

Preschoolers, like toddlers, lack fully developed consciences; however, at age ___ to 5 years these children do demonstrate some internal controls on their actions.

Answer 186

4

Question 187

Describes the way in which an individual behaves or responds to new situations and to life occurrences.

Answer 187

Temperament

Question 188

From their perspective, parental ___ represents a decrease in the child’s importance from the parent’s viewpoint.

Answer 188

disapproval

Question 189

Results from perceived reduction of self-esteem, a critical step in the development of conscience.

Answer 189

Guilt

Question 190

___ actions are demonstrated in simple activities, such as taking turns and sharing.

Answer 190

Moral

Question 191

Preschoolers occasionally use statements of value as punishment for playmates or family members and display (insensitivity/sensitivity) to the effect of their remarks on others.

Answer 191

insensitivity

Question 192

Assessment using the preschooler’s ___ provides an accepted method to explore their perceptions about family relationships, death, and the afterlife.

Answer 192

drawings

Question 193

Many preschoolers (have not/have) been trained to use 911.

Answer 193

have

Question 194

Do preschoolers need to know their addresses? (Yes/No)

Answer 194

Yes

Question 195

Teach preschoolers to say ‘___’ to strangers.

Answer 195

no

Question 196

Preschoolers may chase a ___ into a busy street or suffer from sports-related injuries.

Answer 196

ball

Question 197

Preschoolers have (fewer/more) accidents than toddlers.

Answer 197

fewer

Question 198

As the child’s age increases toward school age, these injuries begin to (decrease/increase) in number.

Answer 198

decrease

Question 199

Preschoolers are most likely to sustain injuries related to falls, ___, and thermal injuries than any other accidental injuries.

Answer 199

poisonings

Question 200

Consistently remain the top-ranked reason for death attributable to injury in the preschool age group.

Answer 200

Motor Vehicle Accidents

Question 201

In Canada, all jurisdictions have seatbelt and child restraint ___.

Answer 201

laws

Question 202

As children outgrow a rear-facing car seat at approximately age ___ years old and weigh at least 10 kg, they should move to a forward-facing car seat with a five-point harness.

Answer 202

2

Question 203

Children should remain in a forward-facing car seat with a harness up to the (lowest/highest) weight and height allowed by the car seat manufacturer.

Answer 203

highest

Question 204

School-aged children should transition to a ___ seat when the weight and/or height are above the forward-facing limit.

Answer 204

booster

Question 205

Children younger than ___ years old should ride in the back seat of a motor vehicle.

Answer 205

13

Question 206

If the combined weight of the car seat and child is more than 29 kg (65 pounds), ___ should not be used.

Answer 206

LATCH

Question 207

It is important to note that each province has (similar/differing) laws regarding child safety restraints.

Answer 207

differing

Question 208

Each car seat and car manufacturer has slightly differing regulations, so parents are encouraged to have a certified car seat ___ install their child’s seat to ensure proper and safe installation.

Answer 208

technician

Question 209

Set water heater temperature at a maximum of ___°C (___°F) to avoid burns

Answer 209

48.9

120

Question 210

Rapid acting emetic.

Answer 210

Syrup of Ipecac

Question 211

Learn how to evaluate burns or blisters around the mouth, odour of ___, empty containers around the child, stomach distress, or changes in normal activity level that might indicate ___ ingestion.

Answer 211

poisons

poison

Question 212

Teach preschooler swimming skills usually by age ___ years.

Answer 212

4

Question 213

Car safety seat misuse is (infrequent/frequent).

Answer 213

frequent

Question 214

Scalds and direct flame burns are (minor/major) hazards for preschoolers.

Answer 214

major

Question 215

Unintentional Fire/Burn

Answer 215

Thermal Injury

Question 216

Ranks among the top five causes of death from injuries in Canadian children from birth to 14 years of age.

Answer 216

Thermal Injury

Question 217

The number of deaths of preschool children in house fires is nearly ___ that of children of other ages.

Answer 217

double

Question 218

Children older than ___ years are at lower risk of drowning in the bathtub, but at greater risk of drowning in a swimming pool, than the toddler.

Answer 218

3

Question 219

Preschool children aged 1 to ___ years are at highest risk of drowning.

Answer 219

4

Question 220

Most children are (far from/ close to) safety when drowning occurs.

Answer 220

close

Question 221

PFD

Answer 221

Personal Flotation Device

Question 222

Preschoolers (do not have/have) the cognitive ability to learn water survival.

Answer 222

have

Question 223

Vital Signs

Identify the Vital Signs in the following age groups.

Answer 223

Question 224

Identify the following normalcies with the Preschooler Age Group.

Answer 224

Question 225

Bicycle accidents become a (lesser/greater) source of injury during the preschool years.

Answer 225

greater

Question 226

At this age, pedestrian injury is (less/more) likely to occur than is passenger injury.

Answer 226

more

Question 227

Preschoolers have (fewer/more) illnesses of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts than toddlers.

Answer 227

fewer

Question 228

Preschoolers (have not/have) developed antibodies to many common organisms through exposure.

Answer 228

have

Question 229

Children usually become ill (less/more) often when they enter their first group situation.

Answer 229

more

Question 230

Child care settings provide instruction to children about appropriate ___ techniques to decrease disease transmission and provide relevant health-promotion teaching.

Answer 230

handwashing

Question 231

A refusal or reluctance to vaccinate despite vaccines being available.

Answer 231

Vaccine Hesitancy

Question 232

Nurses use immunization ___ programs to consolidate records, to remind parents, to evaluate the person’s scheduled program, and to analyze issues for a particular population.

Answer 232

registry

Question 233

Publishes recommendations for individuals who have omitted doses for some reason.

Answer 233

Canadian Immunization Guide

Question 234

NACI

Answer 234

National Advisory Committee on Immunizations

Question 235

Immunization recommendations are reviewed annually by the National ___ Committee on Immunizations (NACI).

Answer 235

Advisory

Question 236

Publishes the Canadian Immunization Guide.

Answer 236

National Advisory Committee on Immunizations (NACI)

Question 237

In Canada, poisoning is the fifth leading cause of injury deaths, hospitalizations, and emergency department visits, with approximately half of all poison exposures occurring in children younger than ___ years of age.

Answer 237

6

Question 238

Preschoolers (do not have/have) an understanding of the concepts of safe and poisonous.

Answer 238

have

Question 239

Parents (cannot/ can) rely on preschoolers to remember instructions.

Answer 239

cannot

Question 240

Parents should teach children about the four forms of poison, which are ___ (air fresheners, pills, vitamins, aspirin, lipstick), ___ (cleaning products, fuel, alcohol), ___ (furniture polish, oven cleaner, room deodorizer), and ___ (carbon monoxide, space heater fumes).

Answer 240

solids

liquids

sprays

invisibles

Question 241

Uncommon; however, they remain the most common disease-related cause of death.

Answer 241

Cancer

Question 242

ALL

Answer 242

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Question 243

The most common childhood cancer, accounts for approximately 32% of the cases of cancer in children.

Answer 243

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

Question 244

Although less common than other solid tumours, ___ merits attention because of the possible loss of vision.

Answer 244

retinoblastoma

Question 245

The incidence of ALL rises from age 2 years, peaks at age ___ years, and diminishes through later childhood and adolescence.

Answer 245

5

Question 246

The dominant signs and symptoms of ___ appear suddenly, but often the child demonstrates a prodromal period of weakness, malaise, anorexia, fever, and tachycardia.

Answer 246

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

Question 247

In this disease, bone pain, petechiae, and hemorrhages after minor procedures such as dental extractions are encountered frequently.

Answer 247

Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)

Question 248

A localized tumour mass that has a greenish appearance and may be found in the skin, orbits, or other tissues in granulocytic forms of leukemia.

Answer 248

Chloroma

Question 249

The rate of leukemia is (lower/higher) in children with Down syndrome.

Answer 249

higher

Question 250

Most cases of Wilms’ tumour occur in children younger than ___ years.

Answer 250

5

Question 251

A rare kidney cancer that primarily affects children.

Answer 251

Wilms’ Tumor

Question 252

Even as the most common intraocular tumour in younger children, in Canada approximately 20 children are diagnosed with ___ each year.

Answer 252

retinoblastoma

Question 252

A cancer of the sympathetic nervous system, beginning in the abdomen, primarily in the adrenal gland, approximately 70% of the time.

Answer 252

Neuroblastoma

Question 253

A chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways.

Answer 253

Asthma

Question 254

Asthma affects (less/more) children and youth than adults.

Answer 254

more

Question 255

Contributes to a hyper-responsive airway, limited airflow, and respiratory symptoms that include breathlessness, wheezing, cough, and chest tightness.

Answer 255

Asthma

Question 256

For every person who is absolutely homeless, there are at least three more who fall into the ‘___ homelessness’ category, which often includes families and children.

Answer 256

hidden

Question 257

The nurse explains the tests in age-appropriate terminology and expects the child to cooperate for (some/most) of the visit.

Answer 257

most