Ecology and Plants

Question 1

Species are grouped into

Answer 1

Populations

Question 1

How does energy move through the environment?

Answer 1

Energy moves ONE WAY. It does NOT recycle.

Question 1

A multicellular eukaryote that does photosynthesis

Answer 1

Plant

Question 1

How do the vascular bundles of monocots differ from dicots?

Answer 1

Monocots - vascular bundles are scattered

Dicots - vascular bundles form a ring

Question 1

What is the primary role of the leaves?

Answer 1

Photosynthesis

Question 3

How would water from a plant end up in the atmosphere?

Answer 3

Through the process of transpiration

Transpiration - the release of water into the air by plants

Question 3

Compare and Contrast Global Warming and the Greenhouse Effect

Answer 3

Global Warming - Increase in the Earth’s temperature from the build-up of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Greenhouse Effect - The natural process that keeps the Earth warm

Question 3

What four structures make up the pistil, and what does each one do?

Answer 3

Stigma - sticky part that catches pollen

Style - connects the stigma to the ovary and allows for pollen tubes to travel down to the eggs

Ovary - holds the eggs (ovules, seeds)

Ovules - seeds (eggs)

Question 3

Plants are able to respond to their environment because of

Answer 3

Hormones

Question 3

Roots turn down into the soil because of

Answer 3

Gravitropism

Question 4

A group that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring

Answer 4

Species

Question 5

What is the function of the roots?

Answer 5

Hold the plan in place, absorb water and nutrients

Question 6

How do materials (such as carbon, nitrogen, and water) move through the environment?

Answer 6

They are CYCLED

Question 6

Volcanic eruptions are examples of

Answer 6

Geochemical processes

Question 7

Which level of organization is described as different populations living together?

Answer 7

Community

Question 8

What are the two most important factors in climate?

Answer 8

Temperature and humidity (moisture)

Question 9

These types of plants complete their life cycle in one growing season

Answer 9

Annuals

Question 9

The function of this structure is to hold up the leaves, as well as transport water and glucose to different areas of the plant

Answer 9

Stem

Question 10

The change of water from liquid to gas, thus moving it from ponds, lakes, oceans, etc. to the air

Answer 10

Evaporation

Question 12

Place the following terms in order from smallest to largest:
Population, Ecosystem, Community, Biosphere, Species

Answer 12

Species
Population
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere

Question 13

The breaking down of organic matter releases what substance back into the soil

Answer 13

Nitrates (nitrogen cycle)

Question 14

How does climate differ from weather?

Answer 14

Climate - average conditions year after year

Weather - day to day conditions

Question 16

The plants responses to the environmental stimuli are called

Answer 16

Tropisms

Question 17

How does the role of xylem in plants differ from the role of phloem?

Answer 17

Xylem carries water up from the roots

Phloem carries sugar down from the leaves

Question 18

Describe the symbiotic relationships below and provide an example: Commensalism Mutualism Parasitism

Answer 18

Commensalism - Good/I don't care (whale/barnacle) Mutualism - Good/Good (flower/bee) Parasitism - Good/Bad (tick/dog)

Question 19

Compare and Contrast Angiosperms and Gymnosperms

Answer 19

Angiosperms - flower plants with fruits, flat leaves, and dormancy periods Gymnosperms - pine trees or junipers (cone plants), with needles or scales, and no dormancy period

Question 20

What is combustion

Answer 20

The burning of fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, oil)

Question 21

An organism that is able to make is own food is known as a(n)

Answer 21

An autotroph A producer

Question 22

The rings of a tree can tell us

Answer 22

The age of the tree (number of rings = number of years old) Growing conditions of each year (thick ring = good growing season, thin ring = bad growing season)

Question 24

Phototropism causes

Answer 24

Plant leaves to turn towards the sun

Question 25

What do plants use sunlight for?

Answer 25

Photosynthesis (produce their own food)

Question 26

What is precipitation?

Answer 26

The movement of water from the air to the ground (Ex. rain)

Question 27

How does an omnivore differ from a herbivore?

Answer 27

Omnivores eat plants and animals Herbivores eat only plants

Question 28

What is the lowest level that includes both living and nonliving things

Answer 28

Ecosystem

Question 30

These plants live for more than 2 years

Answer 30

Perennials

Question 32

An opening under the leaf that allows for gas exchange

Answer 32

Stomata (guard cells)

Question 33

What is a stolon?

Answer 33

A horizontal stem from a mother plant to a baby plant (Ex. Strawberry plant)

Question 35

Something that causes a population size to level off or decline is a \_\_\_\_\_\_.

Answer 35

Limiting factor | (Ex. Water in the desert)

Question 36

The process by which bacteria put nitrogen (nitrates) into the soil from the air

Answer 36

Nitrogen Fixation

Question 38

The female parts of the flower are included in the

Answer 38

Pistil

Question 40

All the combined portions of earth where living things exist

Answer 40

Biosphere

Question 41

Consume other organisms for energy

Answer 41

Heterotroph Consumer

Question 42

Describe how a food chain is different than a food web

Answer 42

Food chains are a single pathway of who eats who movement of energy Food webs are interactions of many who eats who movements of energy

Question 43

The reproductive structure of angiosperms is a

Answer 43

Flower

Question 44

A ripened ovary that carries seeds

Answer 44

Fruit

Question 45

How much energy moves from one trophic level to the next? What happens to the rest?

Answer 45

10% Lost as heat!

Question 46

Which type of plant lives for two growing seasons, the first season for growth and the second for reproduction?

Answer 46

Biennials

Question 47

What is a period of decreased activity in a plant?

Answer 47

Dormancy

Question 48

The giving off of carbon dioxide by living organisms (breathing)

Answer 48

Respiration

Question 49

How do plants take nitrates from the soil for use in their tissues?

Answer 49

Through the process of assimilation

Question 50

The release of nitrogen by bacteria from the soil back into the air is known as

Answer 50

Denitrification

Question 52

How does primary growth differ from secondary growth?

Answer 52

Primary growth - increases the height of the plant at the tips of shoots or branches Secondary growth - increases the girth (width) of the plant by adding rings to the trunk

Question 53

Obtain nutrients by breaking down dead organisms

Answer 53

Decomposer

Question 54

Biotic means _______ and abiotic means \_\_\_\_\_\_\_

Answer 54

Biotic = living Abiotic = nonliving (rocks, water, air)

Question 55

What is included in the stamen of the flower, and what does each part do?

Answer 55

Stamen is made up of the Anther and Filament Anther - makes pollen Filament - holds up the anther

Question 56

Compare and contrast monocots and dicots

Answer 56

Monocots: 3 petals, parallel veins in leaves, shallow roots, long narrow leaves Dicots: 4-5 petals, branching veins in leaves, long deep taproot, broad flat leaves

Question 57

What do plants do with the carbon dioxide they take in?

Answer 57

Use it for photosynthesis to produce glucose

Question 58

How do clouds form in the air?

Answer 58

Through the condensation of water