Ebola

Question 1

What are the 6 species of the Ebola virus?

Answer 1

Zaire, Bundibugyo, Sudan, Reston, Tai Forest, Bombali

Question 2

What is the host of the Ebola virus?

Answer 2

the Pteropodidae family bats

Question 3

What other animals play a role in the transmission of Ebola?

Answer 3

Bats, monkeys, forest antelope, gorillas, chimps, and others - via blood secretions organs, and bodily fluids

Question 4

How is ebola transmitted?

Answer 4

Direct contact with blood, secretions, organs, body fluids, surfaces, materials, burial, sexual, sweat, feces, urine, breast milk, saliva, and needle sticks

Question 5

When testing for Ebola, semen should be negative _____.

Answer 5

twice

Question 6

What is the incubation period for Ebola?

Answer 6

2-12 days

Question 7

When does Ebola become infectious?

Answer 7

when the infected begins showing clinical signs

Question 8

What are the original clinical signs of Ebola?

Answer 8

sudden fever, fatigue, muscle pain, headache, and sore throat

Question 9

What are the original clinical signs of Ebola followed by?

Answer 9

vomiting, diarrhea, rash, impaired kidney and liver function, possibly internal and external bleeding

Question 10

Where does Ebola persist?

Answer 10

testicle, eye, CNS, placenta, amniotic fluids, fetus, and breast milk

Question 11

What is the connection between deforestation, environment, and Ebola?

Answer 11

Deforestation leads to an increase in population and human-wildlife contact - especially human-bat interactions

Question 12

What are some of the hurdles faced in controlling the 2014-2016 and 2018-19 Ebola outbreaks?

Answer 12

Funerals and burials
Traditional medicine - delay in seeking care
View workers as coming to take you away to harvest organs or kill you
Hiding what was happening behind closed doors of hospitals
Distrust of the government
If taken to the hospital: lack of updates, outcome, burial
Caring for ill at home
Stigma, hopelessness

Question 13

What impacts related to food occurred with the 2014-16 outbreak of Ebola?

Answer 13

Food markets were closed in the basket region
The UN was gravely concerned over food shortages in Ebola-hit countries
Rice production was down %8

Question 14

How was employment impacted by the Ebola outbreak in 2014-16?

Answer 14

the food market was greatly effected

Tourism was greatly effected

Question 15

How was healthcare impacted by the Ebola outbreak in 2014-16?

Answer 15

The US spent millions of dollars to build treatment centers and only treated 28 patients - it was too late
There was significant resistance of some of the affected communities to treatment and prevention measures by foreign aid workers and their own governments

Question 16

What was the human toll of the 2018 DRC outbreak?

Answer 16

There was a lot of violence due to unrest - Over 900 deaths, and 12 children were kidnapped, and numerous attacks
Over 2000 people died due to the virus

Question 17

What was the complication in treating the 2018-19 DRC outbreak?

Answer 17

with so much violence and unrest, it became difficult to help those affected by it, but eventually it became curable after trials of drugs