EBM Flashcards
In a ________ study subjects are randomly allocated to a sequence of 2 or more treatments given consecutively. A ________ period is often added between treatment intervals to limit the confounding effects of prior tx. What isa benefit?
crossover, washout, participants serve as their own controls
A _______ is a snapshot survey design that that frequently uses surveys
cross-sectional
A ______ is designed by selecting patients with a particular disease (cases) and without that disease (control) and determining past exposure to >1 risk factors. What measurement does this use?
case control, odds ratio
-can use relative risk because they ALREADY HAVE the dz
relative risk and relative rate are calculated in ______ and ________ studies
prospective and retrospective cohort
-risk factor assessment occurs first here
______ and ______ are influenced by disease prevelance
negative predictive and positive predictive
a factor that prolongs disease duration will _______ prevalence
inc (b/c it’s people already with the disease)
a highly ______ test should be chosen over a highly ________ test when screening for life threatening illness
sensitive, specificity
matching is used in case control studies to control ___________
confounding
case controls compare people ____ the disease and _____ the disease. Controls should be picked on?
with, without, not having the disease regardless of their exposure to the same factor
what central tendency tends to be resistant to outliers
mode
The unit of analysis in ecological studies is __________
populations
A ________ study is known as a prevalence study
cross sectional
A _________ design measures incidence
retrospective
the _______ of the distribution is always the direction of the skew
tail
-median is always in between median and mode
