"Eastern religions" Flashcards
sikh tenets
monotheism, from buddhism
buddhists
accept buddha as founder but not as God
hinduism
polytheist, brahman represents ultimate reality
eastern religion tenets
dharma = right way of living.
karma = intent + action have influence on future of individual
reincarnation - soul into new body after death .
liberation from cycle of birth + death thru spiritual evolution
ahimsa: non-violence (hindus + jains)
metta: loving kindness (buddhism)
hinduism: dominant religion where?
india, nepal, tamils in sri lanka
hindu - poly? mono?
poly but there is supreme god
hinduism - liberation?
from endless succession of lives thru reincarnation. end goal
hindu - karma
what you do in this life will determine whether u are rewarded or punished in the next life
hindu - symbol is om
sacred sound
hindu dietary practice
categorized based on effects on mind, behaviour, health
- based on ayurveda (ancient hindu medicine that uses food to bring body back into equilibrium)
foods good for mind + body
sattvic. pure, wholesome, calming.
- dairy, ghee (clarified butter), paneer (fresh chz), yogurt, grain, legume, honey, nuts, fruit, veg
what animal considered holy?
cows. = cow meat not allowed to eat
milk + products considered pure.
milk is symbol of fertility + plenty
simulating foods?
rajasic: restless mind, aggressive + lustful. spices.
eggs = seeds of life. by eating prventing life form from being born.
dull mind + body
tamasic : cause laziness. alcohol, muschroom. stale (leftover) preserved (fermented, pickled), overripe
devout hindu dietary practices
purity of mind + spirit avoid meat, fish, puoultry, eggs, alcohol + narcotics
lacto-vegetarianism in hinduism
follow ahimsa to avoid (-) kermic influence. only pure foods, avoid onion, garlic that increase passions like anger + sex drive.
women more adherent than men. stronger sanctions against women.protein from dairy, legume
non-vegetarian hindus
exert considerable personal discretion regarding foods they consume. unlikely to eat beef
hindus + sikhs who eat meat =
eat Jhatka (chatka) meat. animals slaughtered humanely. non-religious. killed instantly with no indication of suffering.
many feast + fast days
2 types of fast?
auspicious
complete = no food.
eating only “pure” food
– do with acitvity = prosperity, asking for good things.
jainism - what kind of diet?
lacto-vegetarianism. based on ahimsa.
no dairy if violence against milk-producing animal. no alcohol. honey + root veg (harm life in ground) not consumed.
diwali - how many days? when?
5-day national festival in fall. celebrated by most ppl in india regarldess of faith.
diwali sweets
barfi (fudge), Laddus (chickpea flour, sugar, ghee), gulab jamun (fried milk balls in spice filled syrup)
diwali savories
Namkeen = fried snacks. lentil dumplings in spiced yogurt sauce
sikhism - from where in india?
most live where in Canada?
- emerged from?
-poly? mono?
punjab region of india.
in canada = most in van and TO
- emerged from hinduism
- monotheistic
sikh dietary practice
no fasting, no ritual killing of animals.
many different diets. depends on person.
- active + alert. no alcohol, intoxicants
gurdwara?
sikh place of worship. typically worship on sunday. free communal meal is served in langars ( community kithcen) - everyone can eat here, all religions.
food served at gurdwara - who preps?
what kind of food?
both M + W prep. open to all non-sikhs. vegetatiran, punjabi food is norm. india spices used
punjabi food?
roti (unleavened bread), cooked veg, daal (lentils), yogurt, rice pudding, sweets + water
Langar meal - “rules”
before food is served, must be blessed. ppl expected to eat all food served.
langar important why?
build community. reconnects with smell + taste of home. always fed at gurdwara.
where is buddhism most prevalent?
india, japan, china, korea, tibet, mongolia, southeast asia
what does wheel of dharma represent?
endless cycle of rebirth (reincarnation)
buddhism = metta?
cessation of rebirth influenced by?
metta = loving kindness toward animals.
cessation of rebirth influenced by right living = abstain from taking of life. abstain from consuming intoxicants
Loose dietary restrictions
some beleive ok to eat meat if u didn’t kill.
avoid 5 pungent foods = garlec, green onion,, leek, chive + onion
buddhist vegetarianism varies
vary btw school of buddhism.
tibetan eat meat (land doesn’t rlly allow all veg diet.
- dalai lama promotes vegetarian, altho he is semi-veg.
buddhist cuisine increase -
asian ppl more concerned about health as well as growing consciousness abt food heritage + tradition
for buddhists that abstain from meat, substitute?
soybean + tofu. tofu skin, in hot water + silken
hindu - caste?
caste system determines what social class a person is born into. determines kinds of food consumed + processes involved. some eat meat, some dont. mixed caste food allowed for some castes. ritual washing of hands, feet + mouth are common. eating with fingers of right hand.
