Early Language Development (Chapters 5 & 7) Flashcards
Sensitivity to Sound Patterns
-begins in the womb
-6 months: recognizing basic sounds of their native language
-10-12 months: losing sensitivity to sounds that aren’t of the native language
Prelinguistic Vocalization
Utterance of sounds in the first year of life before infants speak
Segmentation Errors
Mistakes in dividing words in sentences
Fast Mapping
Making connections or guesses between new words and their meanings
Fast Mapping Occurance
-joint attention between child and adult
-assumption that unfamiliar words are name for objects rather than attributes
-assumption that no two words have the same meaning
Underextension
Language error in which the meaning a child attaches to a word is too restricting
-a child calls their dog “doggy” but doesn’t apply the term to other dogs
Overextension
Language error is when the meaning a child attaches to a word is too broad
-child calling any four-legged animal a “doggy”
Vocabulary Spurt
Sudden increase in word acquisition at 18 months of age
Overregularization
Applying a grammatical rule too broadly
-foots (feet), comedy (come)
Overregularization Error Insight
-learn some examples case by case: regular and irregular
-generate the rules, and apply to all
-single out the irregular ones, and learn them separately
Holophrase (one word stage)
A single word that conveys the meaning of a phrase or sentence
Telegraphic Speech (first sentence)
a few essential words to convey the meaning of a sentence
Predispositions
-detecting broad syntax categories (verbs, subjects, objects)
-using assumptions to figure out the meaning of a word
-discerning, generation, and using morphological or grammatical tiles
Environmentalist Theories (Skinner)
language is taught
Nativist Theories (Chomsky)
Infants teach themselves through innate abilities.
