Cognitive Development in Early Childhood II. (Chapter 7)

Question 1

Information-Processing Approach

Answer 1

-Not a single theory, but a general approach
-Drawn from computer science
-views human thinking as processing information
-Two groups: computer based mode and neo-piagetian approach
-Basic Perspective: understands human thinking by examining what happens between input and response; analyze the process with computational models or flow charts; cognitive development is viewed as quantitive, there are no general stages of development

Question 2

What Develops in Early Childhood According to I-P Approach

Answer 2

-Control of attention; increase in selective attention; greater planfulness in deploying attention
-Processing seep: increases
-Span of STM: increases
Intentional use of strategies: more
knowledge increases

Question 3

Episodic Memory

Answer 3

-Allows you to remember specific events or episodes from your life
-Like a personal diary of experiences

Question 4

Generic Memory

Answer 4

-Script: a remembered outline of routines or repeated events, used to guide behavior

Question 5

Autobiographic Memory

Answer 5

Influenced by
-Joint activity, child’s participation in the activity
-the way mother talks with the child about previous experiences

Question 6

Repetitive vs. Elaborative Style

Answer 6

-Different levels of scaffolding

Question 7

Characteristics of Young Children’s Episodic Memory

Answer 7

-Competence: young children can remember a great deal of info; their memory can last for a long period of time
-Susceptibility to suggestions: young children (age 3-4) are more susceptible than older children and adults