E2: OCD, Arthrosopy, Arthrodesis Flashcards
______ is a process of abnormal bone and cartilage formation. _______ are lesions that penetrate the joint surface, creating inflammation and effusion.
Osteochrondrosis
Osteochonritis dissecans (OCD)
What’s this?
Flap formation (OCD)
Do cyst-like changes with OCD occur in younger or adult horses?
Younger
Ar emales or females more commnly affected by OCD?
Males
2:1 ratio
What is the laymans term for synovial effusion of the tarsal crural joint?
Bog spavin
What joint is the most commonly affected with OCD? 2nd most common? 3rd?
Tibiotarsal joint (Hock)
Stifle
Fetlock
Rare: cervical vertbrae, shoulder
What part of the hock is most commonly affected by OCD? 2nd most common? 3rd?
Distal intermediate ridge of the tarsus
Lateral tochlear ridge
Medial trochlear ridge
Rare: medial malleolus, lateral malleolus
What is affected by OCD here?
Distal intermediate ridge of the tibia
What is affected by OCD here?
Laterla trochlear ridge
What part of the stifle is most commonly affected by OCD?
Lateral trochlear ridge
Where on the stifle does cyst formation occur with OCD?
Medial femoral condyle
What is the best way to treat an OCD lesion?
Rest
T/F: Small capilaries divide the hyaline cartilage of joints.
False, asvascular
T/F: Cracks in cartilage are painful.
False, no nerves in cartilage
What type of collagen gives joints their mechanical strength?
Type II
What produces PSGAG, collagen II, and HA?
Chondrocytes
T/F: There is a risk for tumor formation if embryonic stem cells are no fully directed into a differentiated cell type before surgical implantation.
True
T/F: Any nucleated somatic cell in the body can theoretically be reprogrammed using iPS (induced pluripotent stem cells)
techniques.
True
Are ES or iPS cells less prone to immunorejection?
iPS
*Since they can be patient-derived or major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class 1-matched for compatibility*
Is the risk for tumor formation higher with ES or iPS cells?
iPS
_____-binding protein has been used in nearly all cellular reprogramming
strategies.
Octamer
- aka OCT 3/4*
- Homeodomain transcription factor encoded by the gene POU5F1*
Propagation of pluripotent cells follows the basic principles of routine tissue culture,
requiring a humidified, temperature-controlled environment with supplemental _____ ______.
Carbon dioxide