DZ: Urinary Disorders & Fluid/Electro Imbalance

Question 1

Stress incontinence

Answer 1

urine leakage due to increase in intra-abdominal pressure from exercise, couching, sneezing, or laughing

Question 2

Overflow incontinence

Answer 2

chronic bladder urinary retention causing an overflow or urine in the bladder

Question 3

Enuresis

Answer 3

involuntary urination of a child after age 4 or 5

Question 4

BUN Test

Answer 4

Detects urea & nitrogen

High: intestinal bleeding, dehydration

Question 5

Creatine Clearance Test

Answer 5

High: kidney not functioning correctly

Question 6

Peritoneal dialysis

Answer 6

performed at home daily

Question 7

Hemodialysis

Answer 7

performed in the hospital or outpatient setting every 3-4 days

Question 8

Cystitis

Answer 8

inflammation of the bladder & urethra

S/S: unusual urine odor

Question 9

Pyelonephritis

Answer 9

inflammation of the kidney

S/S: sever cystitis symptoms + dull-aching pain in lower back/sides

Question 10

Urolithiasis

Answer 10

Passing of kidney stones (renal calculi)
Causes: Hypercalcemia
S/S: obstruct a ureter - “renal calculi”, hydronephrosis (urine formation but not voided)

Question 11

Tumors

Answer 11

Malignant in urinary tract causing obstructions

Factor: Smoking

Question 12

Renal cell carcinoma

Answer 12

Metastasizes from tubule

Question 13

Bladder Cancer

Answer 13

Metastasizes from bladder

Factor: working with chemicals, smoking, heavy meds intake

Question 14

Nephrosclerosis

Answer 14

Arteriole blood supply reduced at kidney
Stimulates renin = aldosterone
S/S: HTN, kidney failure

Question 15

Adult Polycystic Kidney

Answer 15

Multiple cysts develop in both kidneys

Enlarge the kidneys causing compression

Question 16

(3) stages of chronic kidney disease

Answer 16

1) Decreased renal reserve – 60% of nephrons lost
2) Renal insufficiency – 75% of nephrons lost
3) End-stage renal failure (ESRD) – > 90% of nephrons lost
- dry skin, GFR: 15ml/min/1.73m2