DZ: Musculoskeletal Disorders

Question 1

Musculoskeletal System

Answer 1

Provides body framework, support and movement
Protects internal organs
Stores calcium
Produces blood cells
Made up of:
- m - tend - bone - cartilage - lig - bursae

Question 2

Bone Marrow

Answer 2

Hematopoieses - formation of RBC

Question 3

Joints

Answer 3

Synovial joint:

• Articular or hyaline cartilage
  
  • Absorbs shock, 80% water
  • Chondrocytes: produce collagen
• Ligaments
• Menisci (knee) or labrum (SHO)
• Bursae (fluid sacs)

Question 4

DJD

Answer 4

Osteoarthritis (OA)
- Not a true inflammatory disease (local to
only one jt)
- Repetitive stress a common cause
- Hip (pain in groin to hip = Trendelenburg
gait- knee movement inward)
- Knee (quads atrophy = Genu varus gait-
knee outward)
- Heberden’s Nodes (Distal Phalangeal Jt)
- Tx: AD (SPC,FWW), synthetic synovial
injection, jt replacement, NSAIDS

Question 5

Spondylosis

Answer 5

Degeneration of vertebral discs
“Scotty Dog” Defect
S/S: Lipping & compression fractures
PT: Abdominal/Extensor strength

Question 6

Spondylolisthesis

Answer 6

Slippage of one vertebral body anteriorly on another = Narrows spinal canal
S/S: LBP when supine (high lordosis)
PT: avoid extension

Question 7

Infective Arthritis

Answer 7

80% of incidence =  have STDs
bacteria; viral or metabolic disorders
S/S: sever pain
Life threatening if not resolved 
PT: only after infx is treated

Question 8

Lyme Dz

Answer 8

Affects multiple body systems

S/S: bulls-eye rash

Question 9

Gout

Answer 9

Crystals in jnts
Common in Males
Risk factors: hyperuricemia (not extorting uric acid well)
S/S: kidney disfunction/kidney stones

Question 10

Osteoporosis

Answer 10

Greater decrease in bone mass & density in lumbar, pelvis, and femur (bone reabsorption exceeding bone formation)
Postmenopausal women highest risk (low estrogen)
PT interv: strengthening (free weights, water exercises), weight bearing (walking, low impact aerobic), flexibility (improve posture, avoid full truck flexion), and stability exercises (decrease risk of fall)

Question 11

Rickets/Osteomalacia

Answer 11

Children/Adults
Low Vit-D
Causes compression fx = “bowing of legs”
Caused by hyperthyroid & hyperparathyroid

Question 12

Legg-Clave-Perches Dz

Answer 12

avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis from trauma to the area
Femoral head becomes flatten (lead to arthritis if diagnosed after 8y/o)
Common in males (3-12y/o)
PT Interv: brace needed during tx (medial/ABD of hip)

Question 13

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Answer 13

femoral head slides against the epiphysis area of the femur (laterally rotate when amb)
Common in Males (11-16y/o) = high femoral growth

Question 14

Paget’s Dz

Answer 14

AKA ostetitis deformans
S/S: abnormal bone structures (from bone reabsorption)
- skull: loss of hearing & vertigo
MI: calcitonin

Question 15

Osteoma

Answer 15

Bone Tumor
Common in older adults in the head/neck
S/S: ROM limitations, vertigo, loss of sensation, and hearing difficulties

Question 16

Osteoid Osteoma

Answer 16

Benign Bone Tumor
Common in young adults ages of 20-30
Occurs in the cortex of long bones (femur/tibia)

Question 17

Osteoblastoma

Answer 17

Rare benign tumor but can affect the whole spine causing pain throughout

Question 18

Osteochondroma

Answer 18

Most common benign bone tumor
Occurs in the pox humerus, dist femur, prox tibia
S/S: limb length discrepancy

Question 19

Ewing’s Sarcoma

Answer 19

Malignant bone tumor
Affects long bones, pelvis, chest
More common in children (occurring during puberty)

Question 20

Multiple Myeloma

Answer 20

Malignant tumor of plasma cells in bone marrow
More common in black males (AIDS pts)
Low survival rate
S/S: bacterial infxn of skull, pelvis, spine
Causes: higher in areas of high exposure to chemicals and metals

Question 21

Genu Valgum

Answer 21

“knocked knees” - cause ant knee pain
S/S: circumduction gait pattern
Can be corrected before bone maturation

Question 22

Genu Varum

Answer 22

Legs are outward
Occurs in childhood
S/S: normal alignment should occur by 16y/o