Dz: Skin & Burns

Question 1

(3) Layers of Skin

Answer 1

Epidermis: outer layer, protective
Dermis: elastic, sebaceous glands, sweat glands, hair follicles,
Subcutaneous: fat, blood/lymph vessels, sensory receptors

Question 2

(4) Classification of Burns

Answer 2

Superficial: epidermis, inflamm response, no scaring, sunburns
Partial thickness
- Superficial (1) : epidermis > top dermis,
skin blanches with pressure, heal =10
days
- Deep (2): epidermis > dermis, red/white,
edema blisters, hypersensative
Full thickness (3): all 3-layers, painless (n destroyed), require skin grafts, breeding ground for infxn
Subdermal (4): all layers + underlying tissues, due to electrical shock/flame, amputation, extensive grafting

Question 3

Complications of Burns

Answer 3

Scarring (may develop over ints - limits motion)
Hypothermia (lose heat rapidly - keep room warm)
Respiratory problems
Cardiac Arrest (electrical burns)

Question 4

Impetigo & Tinea

Answer 4

Impetigo: infxn, young child/elderly, pus filled pimples
Tinea: fungal, children over age 5, direct contact or contaminated moist surfaces

Question 5

Cellulitis & Necrotizing Fasciitis

Answer 5

Cellulitis: infxn of dermis/subcutaneous tissue, edema, sever > nectrotizing fasciitis
Necrotizing Fasciitis: “flesh eating” & fascia, can go into shock

Question 6

Herpes Simplex & Herpes Zoster

Answer 6

Herpes Simplex: cold sores (rash of small vesicles on mouth-inside & lips), genital herpes, very contagious
Herpes Zoster: affects one cranial n or one derm on one side of the body, intense burning pain blisters

Question 7

Atopic dermatitis (babies/adults -S/S)

Answer 7

Chronic inflamm (allergies) of skin - Eczema
Babies: moist, red, covered with crust
Adults: dry & scaly

Question 8

Psoriasis

Answer 8

Chronic autoimmune Inflamm disorder
Patches of red, scaly skin, with silver areas
Associated with arthritis
Females (15-30yrs)

Question 9

Scleroderma

Answer 9

Hard, shiny, tight areas of skin

Skin disorder&raquo_space; systemic (renal/resp failure)

Question 10

Skin Cancer Warning Signs

Answer 10

A: Asymmetry
B: Border irregular
C: Color (black/blue/red)
D: Diameter (pencil)

Question 11

Basal Cell & Squamous cell carcinoma

Answer 11

Basal Cell Carcinoma: most common skin cancer, sunken middle, rarely metastasizes
Squamous cell carcinoma: resembles a non healing ulcer with irregular shape, can spread to underlying tissue

Question 12

Malignant Melanoma

Answer 12

Grow/metastasize quickly, 74% of skin cancer deaths, uneven surface-multi colored border, changes in skin lesions

Question 13

Boils & Carbuncles

Answer 13

Staph infxn to hair follicles

Inflamed lumps form pus

Question 14

Scabies

Answer 14

Dark lines on skin - spread by close contact
Found in warm moist areas
Can cause glomerulonephritis

Question 15

Arterial & Venous Ulcer

Answer 15

Arterial Ulcer 
 - rounded, smooth
 - minimal drainage, yellow/purulent 
 - lat/dors aspect of foot/ankle
Venous Ulcer
 - irregular, jagged edge
 - profuse drainage
 - med aspect of foot/ankle

Question 16

Ischemic Ulcer

Answer 16

Lack of blood supply > gangrene
Punched out appearance - LE (lat foot/ankle)
No pulse
PT: improve jnt ROM = more activity = decrease obesity
- avoid warm whirlpools (unable to release
heat), document wound for progression

Question 17

Pressure Ulcers - classification

Answer 17

I - red/purple, warm/cool
II - partial thickness: blister
III - full thickness: tissue necrosis, skin loss
IV - full thickness + mm/tendon/bone damage