Dysphagia

Question 1

What is the difference between oral and esophageal dysphagia?

Answer 1

oral can’t initiate swallowing

esophageal can finish swallowing

Question 2

Name some things that cause oral dysphagia

Answer 2

anatomical - tumors, diverticulum
neurological, CVA, ALS, CP
Muscular - MD, mysthenia gravis

Question 3

What is achlasia and its trademark imaging sign?

Answer 3

Loss of inhibition of the LES - get a bird beak

Question 4

How can achlasia be treated?

Answer 4

Nifedipine, Bo-tox, Baloon Dilation, myotomy

Question 5

What are the 3 symptoms of GERD?

Answer 5

Heartburn, Regurgitation, Belching

Question 6

a 50 yr old man is having progressive trouble swallowing liquids, what is on the differential?

Answer 6

peptic stricture or cancer

cancer until proven otherwise in 50 yr old

Question 7

A patient is having intermittent trouble swallowing liquids and solids. What is on the differential? How about progressive?

Answer 7

diffuse spasms, Nutcracker, NEMD

achlasia or scleroderma