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anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

List layers of abdomem from skin to parietal peritoneum

A 
Camper Fascia (fatty)
Scarpa Fascia (membranous)
Deep Fascia
EO
Int fascia
IO
Deep Fascia
Transverse Abdominus
Transversalis fascia
Extraperiotonela fat
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2
Q

Which layer of fascia attaches to the thigh and prohibits fluids from entering leg

A

Scarpa’s membranous

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3
Q

What is the inguinal ligament?

A

lower border of aponeurosis of EO

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4
Q

Function of EO and IO

A

compress viscera

flex and rotate trunk

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5
Q

Vascular origination of Sup. and Inf epigastric vessels

A

Sup - internal thoracic

Inf - Ext. illiac

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6
Q

Which abdominal muscle is continous with the cremaster muscle? The Conjoint tendon?

A

IO

TA

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7
Q

The oblietared gubernaculm becomes what in males? in females?

A

scrotal ligament

round ligament of ovary AND uterus (2)

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8
Q

3 borders of inguinal triangle?

A

inguinal ligament

inf. epigastric vessels
lat. border of rectus abd

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9
Q

indirect hernias pass through which “ring”?

A

superficial

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10
Q

describe a variocele

A

dilated veins of the spermatic cord with inadequate valves

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11
Q

List layers of fascia over the testicle

A 
Dartos
Colles fascia
Ext. spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Int. spermatic fascia
Tunica vaginalis testis
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12
Q

What is an omentum?

A

peritoneum that connects the stomach to another organ

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13
Q

The great omentm connects what?

A

stomach to colon

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14
Q

At what gestational age do the intestines recede back into the abdomen?

A

12 weeks

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15
Q

which parts of the colon are retroperitoneal?

A

ascending and descending

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16
Q

the greater omentum includes which ligaments?

A

gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments

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17
Q

The lesser omentum includes which ligaments?

A

hepatoduodenal and heptogastric

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18
Q

What is the portal triad?

A

common bile duct
hepatic art. proper
portal vein

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19
Q

name the omental foramen boundaries

A 
hepatoduodenal ligament
IVC
caudate lobe of liver
duodenum/hepatic art.
gastro splenic - splenorenal ligament
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20
Q

what nerves supply the visceral peritoneum?

A

autonomic

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21
Q

parietal peritoneum nerve supply?

A

intercostal nerves T7-T12
L1
Phrenic nerve

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22
Q

left to right branches of the celiac trunk

A

left gastic artery
splenic artery
hepatic artery

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23
Q

Level of abdominal aorta and illiac artery

A

T12

L4

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24
Q

The common hepatic artery becomes the following arteries. name some additional branches?

A

hepatic artery proper –> R hepatic (cystic) and L hepatic -
gastroduodenal
R gastric

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25
Q

What are some branches of the splenic artery

A

L gastro-omental
Short gastric
Pancreatic
Splenic vein

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26
Q

Blood supply to the pancreas is from which major artery?

A

celiac and mesenteric anastomoses

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27
Q

Common location for peptic ulcers?

A

Ampulla or duodenal cap

28
Q

Common cause for hiatal hernia?

A

Laxity of LES

29
Q

What are the right sided branches of SMA?

A

Ileocolic
Appendicular
Right Colic
Middle Colic

30
Q

Which part of small intestine have plicae?

A

Jejunum

llleum have the peyer patches

31
Q

Which areas of colon are prone to ischemia?

A

splenic flexure
right colon
rectosigmoid junction

32
Q

Name the branches of the IMA?

A

L colic
Sigmoid arteries
Superior rectal artery

33
Q

Describe pain in early and late appendicitis

A

early - imbilicus

late - McBurneys

34
Q

What are three veins that empty into the portal vein?

A

Sup. Mesenteric vein
Splenic Vein
Inf. Mesenteric vein

35
Q

Veins involved in esophageal varices? caput medusae? hemorrhoids?

A

Azygos + L gastric vein
Epigastric + paraumbilical
inf + sup rectal vein

36
Q

where does lymph from stomach and pancreas drain to?

A

cisterna chyli

37
Q

the R crus of the diaphragm is also called this

A

Ligament of Treitz

38
Q

name the 3 sides of the triangle of Calot

A

liver tissue
cystic duct
common hepatic duct

39
Q

Embryologic remnant of umbilical vein

A

ligamentum terres

40
Q

What is ductus venosus?

A

Shunt that directs blood around the liver from the umbilical vein to IVC

41
Q

Suprarenal glands cortex and medulla are derived from these 2 cell types

A

mesoderm and neural crest cells

42
Q

Origin of superior, middle and inferior suprarenal arteries?

A

inferior phrenic
aorta
renal arteries

43
Q

What is nutcracker syndrome?

A

SMA and aorta compresse L suprarenal vein blocking the L gonadal vein

44
Q

in horseshoe kidney what prevents the kidney from ascending in the pelvis?

A

IMA

45
Q

The ureter runs along with which vessels?

A

under gonadal
near iliac
and under uterine vessels

46
Q

Innvervation to diaphragm?

A 
Motor = phrenic
sensory = phrenic and T5-T12
47
Q

What structures do the median, medial and lateral arcutate ligaments pass over?

A 
median = aorta
medial = psoas
lateral = quadratus lumborum
48
Q

Name the lumbar plexus nerves top to bottom

A 
subcostal
iliohypogastric
llioinguinal
genitofemoral
lat. femoral cutaneous
femoral
obturator
49
Q

Where does the vagus nerve enter the abdominal cavity?

A

Esophageal hiatus

50
Q 
Which structure is not a boundary of the pelvic outlet?
pubic arch
coccyx
ischipubic ramu
scrospinous ligament
sacrotuberous ligaments
A

sacrospinous ligament

51
Q

What is the most important pelvis measurement for delivery?

A

the obstetric conjugate- because it can be measured

true and diagonal not easily measured

52
Q

what is the rectovesical pouch?

A

fold of peritoneum between urinary bladder and colon

53
Q

In what area of the prostate are most cancers? location fo BPH?

A

peripheral (posterior lobe)

Transitional

54
Q

Name the portion of the broad ligament connected to the uterine tube?

A

mesosalpinx

55
Q

The uterus is connected to the pelvic bones via these ligaments

A 
uterosacral
cardinal ligament (transverse cervical)
56
Q

What two sympathetic nerves supply the inf. hypogastric plexus? parasympahtetic?

A

lumbar and sacral splanchnics

pelvic splanchnic

57
Q

the male pelvis usually has a _____outlet and _____ pubic angle

A

rounder

smaller

58
Q

muscles of the pelvic diaphragm? lateral wall and posteriro walls?

A

levator ani and coccygeus

obturator internus and piriformis

59
Q

Name the branches of the anterior internal illiac artery

A 
obturator
umbilical
vaginal
inf. vesical
middle rectal
inf gluteal
int pudendal
60
Q

Name branches of posterior internal illiac artery

A

illiolumbar
sup. gluteal
lateral sacral

61
Q

what is the normal position of the utuerus?

A

anteverted and anteflexed

62
Q

where does fertilization and implantation usually occur?

A

ampulla of uterine tube

posterior uterus wall

63
Q

Name the fascia below the superficial pouch in females (2)

A 
Deep perineal (Gallaudet's)
Superficial perinela (Colles's)
64
Q

Name the fascia of the penis.
muscles?
blood supply?

A

superfical (Dartos) and Deep (Bucks) fascia
corpus cavemosum and corpus spongiosum
int pudendal –>perineal –> dorsal artery of penis

65
Q

The pudenal canal contains what structures and lies medial to this muscle

A

int pudendal vessel and pudendal nerve

obturator internus

66
Q

Palpate this landmark to perform pudendal nerve block

A

ischial spine

GI (17 decks)

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