DrugTest/Opoid- 17D Flashcards
Urine drug testing is done via
-immunoassays
What is the gold standard for drug testing?
- Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry
- this is confirmatory for UDS
Urine drug test detection windows for:
- THC
- Amphetamines
- Barbituates
- Benzodiazepines
- Cocaine and metabolites
- Methadone
- PCP
- Opiates
- 3-30 days
- 2-3 days
- 1-3 days
- 1-7days
- 6h-3 days
- 7-9 days
- 8 days
- 1-3 days
What is the only bezo exception to UDS
-CLONAZEPAM can only be detected by GCMS
Forms of alcohol testing
- blood alcohol level
- breath and saliva- reflects blood alcohol level
- ETG- present in urine for up to 5 days after use
- CDT-helps detect HEAVY alcohol use
Name the opioid intoxication/overdose triad
- pinpoint pupils
- unconsciousness
- respiratory depression
Name the three areas of the CNS through which opiates exert action primarily through mu receptor
- limbic system
- brainstem
- spinal cord
DSM5 opioid intoxication criteria
- pupillary constriction with:
- drowsiness
- slurred speech
- impaired attention/memory
When should buprenorphine be started?
-when objective evidence of opiate withdrawal is evident
What is that mechanism of action of clonidine?
- presynaptic alpha 2 agonist
- decreasing sympathetic outflow, suppressing autonomic medicated symptoms
Name the full opioid agonists
- morphine
- heroin
- oxycodone
- fentanyl
Name the partial opioid agonist
-buprenorphine
decreased risk of respiratory suppression
Name the opioid antagonists
- naloxone
- naltrexone
Characteristics of buprenorphine
- partial opiate agonist
- used for detox OR maintenance
- administerd SUBLINGUALLY
- strong affinity for the mu receptor and can precipitate withdrawal
- good first choice for adolescents given that methadone is approved for pt >18y
Characteristics of methadone
- SYNTHETIC opioid agonist
- full agonist, therefor high risk for abuse and respiratory suppression
- approved for use in pregnancy
