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I hate DRUGS!! > Drugs with important actions on smooth muscles > Flashcards

Drugs with important actions on smooth muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Serotonin causes ____________

A

Bronchospasm

Carcinoid is associated with diarrhea and hyertension

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2
Q

Physiologic antagonist of histamine

A

Epinephrine

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3
Q

Diphenhydramine is a potent sedative with ____ and ____ Blocking action

A

H1 and M3

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4
Q

Blockade of H2 receptors causes ___________ in cAMP several tissues

A

Decreases

H2 receptors are Gs-protein coupled receptors, like B adrenoceptors

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5
Q

Mechanism of fendluramine

A

5-HT2 agononist action

Banned because it causes pulmonary hypotension and cardiac valve malfunction

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6
Q

Alosetron is indicated in ________

A

Irritable bowel syndrome

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7
Q

Cetirizine is indicated for _________

A

Hay fever

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8
Q

_________ effective dopamine agonist in the CNS with the advantage of ral caviry

A

Bromocriptine

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9
Q

______ an agonist at 5HT 1D/1B receptors indicated for prevention and treatment for migraines

A

Sumatriptan

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10
Q

__________ is a powerful vasodilator necessary to reverse ergot-induced vasopasm

A

Nitroprusside

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11
Q

Diphenhydramine

A

Competitive pharmacologic block of peripheral and CNS H1 receptors plus alpha and M receptor block. Anti motion sickness effect

Used for Hay fever, angioedema, motion sickness

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12
Q

Promethazine

A

H1 blocker with less anti-motion sickness action and more sedative and autonmic effects

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13
Q

Cyclizine, meclizine

A

H1 blockers with more anti-motion sickness action and less sedative and autonomic effect

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14
Q

Cetirizine

A

H1 blockers, second generation

competitive pharmacologic block of peripheral H1 receptors, nO autonomic or anti-motion sickeness effect

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15
Q

Cimetidine/famotidine/ranitidine

A

H2 blocker

Competitive pharmacologic block. No H1 autonomic or anti-motion sickness effects

used in GERD, stress ulcers

Cimetidine: has drug interactions

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16
Q

suamtriptan

A

H-HT 1D/1B agonist. causes vasoconstriction. modualtes neurotransmitter release

used in migraine and cluster headache

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17
Q

Ketanserin

A

5 Ht2 antagonist

competive antagonis and alpha1 blcoker

used in hypertension and carcinoid tumor

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18
Q

Ondansetron

A

5-HT3 antagonist

pharmacologic antagonits. blocks chemoreceptor trigger zone and enteric nervous system 5-HT3 receptors

AE: QT prolongation, possible arrhythmias

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19
Q

Tegaserod

A

5-HT4 partial agonist

Used in constipation-dominant, irirtibale bowel syndrome (restricted use)

AE: diarrhea, ischemic colitis

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20
Q

Ergotamine

A

Partial agonist at 5 HT and alpha adrenoceptors, especially in blood vessels

Used in migraine and cluster headache

AE: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, severe constripation

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21
Q

Ergonovine

A

partial agonist at 5HT and alpha adrenoceptors, especially in uterus

Used in postpartum bleeding

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22
Q

_____and _____ both caused marked increase in capillary permeability, often associated with edema, but hsitamine is not a peptide

A

Histamine and bradykinin

23
Q

_____ is potent arterial vasodialtor and venoconstrictor

A

Susbtance P

24
Q

_____is an atrial and brain peptide found in increased amount in heart failure

25
Q

________an endothelin antagonist, is used in pulmonary hypertension

26
Q

_____can be used topically to deplete substance P stores from sensory nerves

27
Q

_____octapeptide, increases when blood volume decreases because the compensatory response causes an increase in renin secretion

28
Q

______ increases because the enzyme inhibited by captopril, angitensin converting enzyme

A

bradykinin

29
Q

Aliskerin

A

Renin inhibitor. Reduces angiotensin I and II and aldosterone secretion

used in hypertension

AE: angioedema. renal impairment

30
Q

Ecallantide

A

Kinin anatagonist

Kallikrein inhibitor. reduces bradykinin levels

Used in hereditary angioedema

AE: hypersensitivity reactions

31
Q

Icatibant

A

B2 bradykininreceptor blocker

used in hereditary angioedema

AE: hepatic toxicity, hypersensitivity reactions

32
Q

Nesitiride

A

BNP receptor agonist

33
Q

Sacubitril

A

Neprilysin inhibitor

34
Q

Bosentan and macitentan

A

ETA and ETB receptor antagonist

used in pulmonary hypertension

AE: hepatic impairment

35
Q

Aprepitant

A

Tachykinin NK1 receptor antagonist

used in antiemetic for chemotherapy induced vomiting

36
Q

Capsaicin

A

Releases substance P from nerve endings

37
Q

misoprostol is a _____ analog

38
Q

Aspirin blocks ____________

A

cyclooxygenase

39
Q

Prostacyclin causes _________________ and may be used in pulmonary hypertension

A

vasodilation

40
Q

_______ complains severe dysmenorrhea, a uterine stimulant

A

Prostaglandin PGF 2a

41
Q

Leukotriene C ans D series are major eicosanoid components of ___________

42
Q

Blocks the synthesis of leukotrienes.

43
Q

LTB4

A

Chemotactic factor in inflammation

44
Q

LTC4 and LTD4

A

Bronchonstrictors importantn in anaphylaxus, asthma

45
Q

Montelukas/Zafrilukast

A

Block CysLT1 receptor. reduce bronchonstriction in asthma

used in asthma prophylaxis

46
Q

An NO-containing molecule that releases nitric oxide in the blood is

A

Citrulline

47
Q

The inducible isoform of nitric oxidase synthase (iNOS, isoform 2 ) is found primarily in

A

MArcophages

48
Q

The primary endogenous substrate for the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) is

49
Q

Endogenous inhibitor/inactivator of nitric oxide

A

Hemoglobin

50
Q

The inducible form of NOS is associated with

A

inflammation

51
Q

Nitric oxide oxide gas

A

Activates guanylyl cyclase, icnreases cGMP synthesis causes smooth muscle relaxation

used in Pulmonary hypertension

AE: excessive hypotension, methemoglobinemia, conversion to nitrogen dioxide (pulmoanry irritant)

52
Q

Nitric Oxide synthase activators

A

Acetylcholine, histamine

Increased IP3 will icnrease increased intraceelular calcium that activates NOS, resulting in conversion of arginine to citrulline plus NO

I hate DRUGS!! (26 decks)

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