Clinical Pharmacology of antihelminthic drugs

Question 1

A missionary from US is sent to work in ageographic region of a central american country where O. volvulus is endemic. Infections resulting from this tissue nematode (onchocerciasis) are a cause of “river blindness”, because microfilariae migrate through subcutaneous tissues and concentrate in the eyes. WHich drug should be used prophylactically to prevent it?

Answer 1

Ivermectim

Question 2

During treatment of onchocerciasis. Symptoms include headache, weakness, rash, muscle aches, hypotension, and peripheral edema. The reaction is due to

Answer 2

Killing of microfilariae

Question 3

Eridacates adult worms in the colon bt not the eggs

Answer 3

Pyrantel pamoate

Question 4

A student developed intestinal bilharziasis and oxamiquinine is prescribed. How will you approach the patient?

Answer 4

Hospitalization is recommened if the patient has a history of seizure disorders

Question 5

What drug is effective in the treatment of both clonorcgiasis and dyphyllobothriasis?

Answer 5

Praziquantel

Question 6

Which helminthic infection does not respond to treatment with praziquantel

Answer 6

Hydatid cysts

Question 7

What drug enhances the actions of GABA in nematodes

Answer 7

Ivermectin

Question 8

we should advise patients no driving for 24 hours in patients taking ___________

Answer 8

Ivermectin

Question 9

Which parasite is suscleptible to niclosamide?

Answer 9

Taenia solium

Question 10

Adverse effect of albendazole during intestinal nematode therapy?

Answer 10

None

Question 11

Effective against both nematodes

Answer 11

mebendazole (you can also use albendazole and pyrantel pamoate)

Question 12

DOC for A. lumbicoides

Answer 12

Albendazole or mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate

Question 13

DOC of hookworms

Answer 13

Pyrantel pamoate or albendazole or mebendazole

Question 14

DOC of trichuris trichiura

Answer 14

Albendazole or mebendazole

Question 15

DOC of strongyloides stercoralis

Answer 15

Ivermectin

Question 16

DOC of E. vermicularis

Answer 16

Mebendazole or pyrantel pamoate

Question 17

DOC of trichinella

Answer 17

Mebendazole (+/-) corticosteroids

Question 18

DOC of cutaneous larva migrans

Answer 18

Albendazole or ivermectin

Question 19

DOC of filariasis

Answer 19

DEC

Question 20

DOC of Onchocerciasis

Answer 20

Ivermectin

Question 21

DOC of Schistosoma

Answer 21

Praziquantel

Question 22

DOC of Paragonimus westermani

Answer 22

Praziquantel

Question 23

DOC of fasiola hepatica

Answer 23

Bithional or triclabendazole

Question 24

DOC of fasciolopsis buski

Answer 24

Praziquantel or niclosamide

Question 25

DOC of Taenia

Answer 25

Praziquantel or niclosamide

Question 26

DOC of cysticercosis

Answer 26

Albendazole

Question 27

DOC of D. latum

Answer 27

Praziquantel

Question 28

DOC of echinococcis

Answer 28

Albendazole

Question 29

MOA of albendazole

Answer 29

Inhibition of microtubule assembly. * Larvicidal * ascariasis, cysticercois, hookworm, hydatid disease * Ovicidal * ascariasis, ancylostomiasis and trichuriasis

Question 30

Selectively inhibiting microtubule synthesis and glucose uptake in nematodes

Answer 30

Mebendazole

Question 31

\_\_\_\_\_ paralyzes ascaris by blocking acetylcholine at the myoneural junction

Answer 31

Piperazine

Question 32

stimulates nicotinic receptors at neuromuscular junctions of nematodes

Answer 32

Pyrantel pamoate

Question 33

Increases membrane permeability to calcium causing marked contraction initially and then paralysis of trematode and cestode muscles followed by vacuolization

Answer 33

Praziquantel

Question 34

organophosphate prodrug that is converted in the body to the cholinesterase inhibitor dichlorvos

Answer 34

Metrifonate

Question 35

act by uncoupling oxidative phosphorylation or by activating ATPase

Answer 35

Niclosamide