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I hate DRUGS!! > Cancer Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Cancer Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanism of action of cellular metabolites of fluorouracil?

A

Irreversible inhibition of thymidylate synthase

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2
Q

What drug most likely responsible to hemorrhagic cystitis?

A

Cyclosphophamide

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3
Q

After several cycles of chemotherapy. A patient was found to have a high resting pulse rate. A noninvasive radionuclide scan revealed evidence of cardiomyopathy. The drug that is most likely responsible for the cardiac toxicity is

A

Doxorubicin

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4
Q

A patient with multiple myeloma was started in bortezomib after 2 rounds of other combination chemotherapy did noth have any effect. What is the mechanism of action of bortezomib?

A

Inhibition of 26S proteasome

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5
Q

Neuropathy is a toxic effect of vincristine.

A

neuropathy

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6
Q

most common symptom of autonomic neuropathy

A

Constipation

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7
Q

Nephrotoxicity is a characterisitc toxicity of

A

Cisplatin

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8
Q

A cancer cell that is resistant to the effects of both vincristine and methotrexate probably has developed the resistance as a result of which of the following mechanisms?

A

Increased expression of a P-glycoprotein transporter

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9
Q

what drug used in the ABVD and MOPP regimen is a cell cycle specific?

A

Plant alkaloids

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10
Q

The anticancer drug most commonly associated with pulmonary toxicity is ______

A

Bleomycin

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11
Q

All of the following agents have been used in drug regimens for the treatment of breast carcinoma. Which one has specific activity in a subset of female breast cancers

A

Trastuzumab

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12
Q

If allopurinol is used adjunctively in cancer chemotherapy to offset hyperuricemia. the dosage of this anticancer drug should be reduced to 25% of normal

A

Mercaptopurine

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13
Q

This drug is used in combination therapy for non Hodkin’s lymphoma. Due to its selectivity it is expected, it is expected to be less myelosuppresive compared with the elastic agents

A

RItuximab

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14
Q

This antimetabolite inhibits DNA polymerase and is one of the most active drugs in leukemia. although myelosuppresion is dose limiting, the drug may also cause cerebellar dysfunction, including ataxia and dysarrthria

A

Cytarabine

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15
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Forms DNA cross links, resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis and function

Breast cancer, ovarian, cancer, non-Hodkin’s lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, neuroblastoma

Nausea and vomiting

Myelosuppression, alopecia, hemorrhagic cystitis

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16
Q

Methothrexate

A

Inhibits DHFR, resulting in inhibition of synthesis of thidylate, purine nucletodies, serine, and methionine

Breast cancer, head and neck cancerm primary CNS lymphoma, non-Hodkin’s lymphoma, bladder cancer, choriocarcinoma

Mucositis, diarrhea

Myelosuppression

17
Q

6 mercaptopurine

A

Inhibits de nove purine synthesis

AML

Nausea and vomiting

Myelosuprresion, immunosuprpesion, hepatotoxicity

18
Q

5 fluorouracil

A

Inhibits thymidylate synthase, and its metabolites are incoprorated into RNA and DNA, all resulting in inhibition of DNA synthesis and functioning and in RNA processing

GI cancers, breast cancer, head and neck cancer, heaptocellular cancer

Nause, mucositis, diarrhea

Myelosuppresion, neutotoxicity

19
Q

Vincristine

A

Inteferes with microtubule assembly, resulting in impaired mitosis

ALL, Hodkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s. Lymphoma, Wilm’s tumor, neuroblastoma

NONE

Neurotoxicity with peripheralneuropathy, paralytic ileus, myelosuppression, alopecia, inappropriate ADH secretion

20
Q

Etoposide

A

Imhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA damage

Lung cancerm non-Hodkin’s lymphoma, gastric cancer

Nausea and vomiting

Alopecia, myelosuppression

21
Q

Topocetan

A

Inhibits topoisomerase II, resulting in DNA damage

Small cell lung casncer ovarian, cancer

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Myelosuppresion

22
Q

Paclitaxel

A

Interferes with microtubule disassmebly resulting in impaired mitosis

Breast, lung, ovarian, Gastroesophageal, prostate, bladder, and head and neck cancers

Nausea, vomiting, hypotension, arrhythmias, hypersensitivity

Myelosuppression, peripheral sensory neuropathy

23
Q

Doxurubicin

A

Oxygen free radicals bind to DNA causing strand breakage; inhibits topoisomerase II: intercalates into DNA

Lymphomas, myelomas, sarcomas, and breast, lung, ovarian and thyroid cancers

Nausea, arrhytmias

Alopeciasm myelosuppression, cardiomyopathy pulmonary fibrosis

24
Q

Imatinib

A

Inhibits bcr-abl tyrosine kinase and other receptor tyrosine kinases

Chronic myelogenous leukemia, gastrointestinal stromal tumor

Nausea and vomiting

Fluid retention with ankle and periorbital edema, diarrhea, myalgias, heart failure

25
Q

Trastuzumab

A

Inhibits binding of VEGF to its receptor, resulting in inhibition of tumor vascularization

Colorectal, breast, non small cell lung, and renal cancer

Hypertension, infusion reaction

Arterial thromboembolic events, GI perforations, wound healing complications, proteinuria

26
Q

Bortezomib

A

Reversibly inhibits chymotrypsin-like activity of the 26S proteosome

multiple myeloma

Hypotension, edema, GI upset

Peripheral neuropathy, cardiac dysfunction

27
Q

traps acrolein released from cyclophosphamide and thus reduces the incidence of hemorhhagoc cystitis

A

Mesna (mercaptoethanesulfonate)

28
Q

a form of tetrahydrofolate that is accumualted more readily by normal than by neoplastic cells

A

Leucovorin

29
Q

Inhibits free radical formation and affords protection against the cardiac toxicity

A

Dextrazoxane

30
Q

Alkylating agents

A
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Mechlorethamine
  • Platinum analogs
  • Busulfan
31
Q

treatment regimen for Hodkin’s lymphoma

A

ABVD

  • Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
  • Bleomycin
  • vincristine
  • decarbazine
  • prednisone
32
Q

Regimen for non-hodkin’s lymphoma

A

CHOP regimen

  • Cyclocphosphamide
  • Doxorubicin
  • vincristine
  • prednisone
    • rituximab
33
Q

Regimen for testicular cancer

A

PEB regimen

  • cisplastin (platinol)
  • Etoposide
  • bleomycin
34
Q

drug with marked vesicant (blister-forming) actions

A

Mechlorethamine

35
Q

Most specific for S2

A

Cytarabine

36
Q

Antimetabolites

A
  • Methotrexate
  • Mercaptopurine (6-MP) and Thiohuanine (6-TG)
  • Fluorouracil
  • Cytarabine
  • Gemcitabine

I hate DRUGS!! (26 decks)

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