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OU Practice Fall 2018 > Drugs 6:29-55 > Flashcards

Drugs 6:29-55 Flashcards

1
Q

doxycycline brand name and uses

A
  • Vibramycin
  • CAP
  • Rickettsiae infection
  • Chlamydia trachomatis infection
  • Malaria prophylaxis
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2
Q

doxycycline dosing

A
  • 100 mg daily (malaria)
  • 100 mg bid (respiratory)
  • prefer empty stomach; food may be needed
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3
Q

minocycline brand name and uses

A
  • Minocin
  • adult respiratory (atypical Mycoplasma pneumoniae)
  • skin/skin structure
  • ## Rickettsiae infection
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4
Q

minocycline dosing

A
  • 200 mg x 1, then 100 mg bid

- prefer empty stomach; food may be needed

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5
Q

sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim brand name and uses

A
  • Bactrim/DS
  • acute UTI
  • SSTI treatment (CA-MRSA)
  • acute otitis media
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6
Q

sulfamethoxazole / trimethoprim dosing

A
  • acute UTI: 1 DS tablet bid x 3 days
  • SSTI treatment (CA-MRSA): 1-2 DS tablets bid
  • can extend duration prn
  • prefer empty stomach with ample H2O
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7
Q

nitrofurantoin brand name and uses

A
  • Macrobid: acute treatment of UTI

- Macrodantin: suppression of UTI (maintenance)

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8
Q

nitrofurantoin dosing

A
  • Macrobid: acute treatment of UTI ->100 mg q12h x 5 days
  • Macrodantin: suppression of UTI (maintenance) -> 50-100 mg qhs (maintenance)
  • take with food
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9
Q

fosfomycin brand name and uses

A
  • Monurol

- UTI treatment

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10
Q

fosfomycin dosing

A
  • 3 grams PO once

- dissolve powder in 3-4 oz. of water

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11
Q

metronidazole brand name and uses

A
  • Flagyl
  • Trichomoniasis
  • bacterial vaginosis
  • intra-abdominal infections
  • anaerobic infections
  • C. difficile
  • Metrogel Vaginal: bacterial vaginosis
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12
Q

metronidazole dosing

A
  • 500 mg IV/PO q8h + cipro (intraabdominal infection)
  • 2 grams PO in 1 or 2 doses (trichomoniasis; sexual partners require treatment for trichomoniasis)
  • bacterial vaginosis: 1 applicatorful once or twice x 5 days (daily doses qHS)
  • avoid ETOH
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13
Q

fidaxomicin brand name and uses

A
  • Dificid

- clostridium difficile - associated diarrhea

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14
Q

fidaxomicin dosing

A

200 mg bid x 10 days

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15
Q

rifampin brand name and uses

A
  • Rifampin
  • active TB
  • osteomyelitis due to CA-MRSA
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16
Q

rifampin dosing

A
  • active TB: 10 mg/kg/day (max 600 mg daily-adults)

- osteomyelitis due to CA-MRSA: 600 mg/d or 300 mg bid + Bactrim

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17
Q

mupirocin brand name and uses

A
  • Bactroban; 2% ointment, 2% cream; 1 gram tubes for nasal
  • cutaneous impetigo
  • nasal MRSA
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18
Q

mupirocin dosing

A
  • cutaneous impetigo: to affected areas tid

- nasal MRSA: 1/2 tube each nostril bid x 5 days

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19
Q

vancomycin brand name and uses

A
  • Vancocin
  • Capsules: clostridium difficile colitis
  • Injection: methicillin-resistant Staph organisms
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20
Q

vancomycin dosing

A
  • Capsules: clostridium difficile colitis -> 500-2000 mg PO divided tid-qid
  • Injection: methicillin-resistant Staph organisms -> 15-20 mg/kg IV (interval based on CrCl); monitor trough concentrations before the 4th dose
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21
Q

telavancin brand name and uses

A
  • Vibativ

- complicated gram (+) skin/structure infections

22
Q

telavancin dosing

A
  • 10 mg/kg over 1 hour q24h

- treat 7-14 days; dose adjust for CrCl < 50 ml/min

23
Q

daptomycin brand name and uses

A
  • Cubicin
  • SSTI
  • MRSA bacteremia
  • endocarditis
24
Q

daptomycin dosing

A
  • 4 mg/kg IV daily (SSTI)
  • 8-10 mg/kg IV daily (bacteremia/endocarditis)
  • renally adjust for CrCl < 30 ml/min; monitor CK weekly
25
Q

clindamycin brand name and uses

A
  • Cleocin

- serious infections (gram (+)/anaerobic) including intra-abd

26
Q

clindamycin dosing

A
  • 150 - 450 mg q6h
  • 600 - 2,700 mg/day IV in 2-4 divided doses
  • take with ample water
  • report diarrhea
27
Q

linezolid brand name and uses

A
  • Zyvox
  • SSTIs
  • HAP/VAP
28
Q

linezolid dosing

A
  • 600 mg q12h (IV or PO)
  • no renal or hepatic adjustments
  • monitor CBC weekly
29
Q

fluconazole brand name and uses

A
  • Diflucan
  • vaginal candidiasis
  • oropharyngeal candidiasis
  • esophageal candidiasis
  • systemic candidiasis
30
Q

fluconazole dosing

A
  • vaginal candidiasis: 150 mg PO daily x 1 dose
  • oropharyngeal candidiasis: 200 mg IV/PO x 1, then 100-200 mg daily
  • renally adjust for CrCl < 50 mL/min
31
Q

itraconazole brand name and uses

A
  • Sporanox
  • systemic fungal infections
  • onychomycosis
32
Q

itraconazole dosing

A
  • 200-400 mg PO daily

- extended treatment duration generally needed

33
Q

ketoconazole brand name and uses

A
  • Ketoconazole
  • systemic fungal infections (including candidiasis)
  • recalcitrant cutaneous fungal infections
34
Q

ketoconazole dosing

A
  • 200-400 mg PO daily

- extended treatment duration generally needed

35
Q

nystatin brand name and uses

A
  • Nystatin (topical)

- cutaneous / mucocutaneous fungal infection

36
Q

nystatin dosing

A
  • cutaneous / mucocutaneous fungal infection: to affected areas bid - tid
  • available in powder, cream, ointment (100k units/g)
37
Q

griseofulvin uses

A

fungal infections of skin, hair, nails

38
Q

griseofulvin dosing

A
  • 500 - 1000 mg daily or in divided doses (adults)

- Duration of treatment for skin is 2-8 wks depending on location; nails may require 4-6 months

39
Q

terbinafine brand name and uses

A
  • Lamisil tablets: onychomycosis

- Lamisil topical: tinea infections

40
Q

terbinafine dosing

A
  • Lamisil tablets: onychomycosis -> 250 mg daily; duration -> 6 weeks (fingernails), 12 weeks (toenails)
  • Lamisil topical: tinea infections -> apply daily (cruris, corporis), apply bid (pedis); duration: 7-28d
41
Q

acyclovir brand name and uses

A
  • Zovirax

- herpes infections

42
Q

acyclovir dosing

A
  • 400 mg TID x 7-10d
  • 400 mg bid x 1yr (genital suppression)
  • 800 mg 5 times/day x 7-10d (zoster)
  • take with ample water
43
Q

valacyclovir brand name and uses

A
  • Valtrex

- herpes infections

44
Q

valacyclovir dosing

A
  • 1 gram bid x 10d (genital tx)
  • 500 - 1000 mg daily (genital suppression)
  • 1 gram tid x 7d (zoster)
  • take with ample water
45
Q

famcivlovir brand name and uses

A
  • Famvir

- herpes infections

46
Q

famcivlovir dosing

A
  • 250 mg TID x 7-10d (genital tx)
  • 250 mg bid x 1yr (genital suppression)
  • 500 mg q8h x 7d (zoster)
  • take with ample water
47
Q

oseltamivir brand name and uses

A
  • Tamiflu
  • influenza treatment, outpatient
  • prophylaxis of influenza within 48 hrs of exposure
48
Q

oseltamivir dosing

A
  • influenza treatment, outpatient: adults: 75 mg bid x 5 days; must be symptomatic <= 2 days for best results
  • prophylaxis of influenza within 48 hrs of exposure: > 13 yrs: 75 mg daily x 10 days; can be given for 6 wks if there was a community outbreak
49
Q

spinosad brand name and uses

A
  • Natroba topical

- head lice infestation

50
Q

spinosad dosing

A
  • apply up to 120 ml to cover hair & scalp

- for patients >= 6 months, repeat in 7 d if live lice seen

OU Practice Fall 2018 (17 decks)

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