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OU Practice Fall 2018 > Drugs 6:1-28 > Flashcards

Drugs 6:1-28 Flashcards

1
Q

penicillin V potassium brand name and uses

A
  • Veetids
  • Pharyngitis
  • SSTIs
  • endocarditis prophylaxis
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2
Q

penicillin V potassium dosing

A
  • 250-500 mg PO q6-8h

- prefer empty stomach

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3
Q

penicillin G brand name and uses

A
  • Pfizerpen-G
  • neurosyphilis
  • endocarditis treatment
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4
Q

penicillin G dosing

A
  • Low-med: 12–18 million U/24h IV continuously or in 4-6 equally divided doses
  • High: 24 million U/24 h IV either continuously or in 4–6 equally divided doses
  • renally adjust for CrCl < 50 mL/min
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5
Q

dicloxacillin uses

A

staphylococcal infections (SSTIs)

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6
Q

dicloxacillin dosing

A
  • 250-500 mg PO q6h

- prefer empty stomach

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7
Q

nafcillin uses

A
  • endocarditis treatment

- SSTIs

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8
Q

nafcillin dosing

A
  • 2 grams IV q4h

- no renal adjustment needed; hepatically eliminated

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9
Q

amoxicillin brand name and uses

A
  • Amoxil (cap)
  • Moxatag (ER tabs)
  • Pharyngitis
  • otitis media
  • SSTIs
  • endocarditis prophylaxis
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10
Q

amoxicillin general dosing

A
  • 500 mg q8h to 875 mg q12h on empty stomach

- Moxatag 775 mg ER q24h within 1 hr of finishing a meal

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11
Q

amoxicillin dosing specific to endocarditis prophylaxis

A

2 grams 30-60 minutes prior to dental procedure

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12
Q

amoxicillin dosing specific to otitis media in child

A

90 mg/kg divided q8-12h

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13
Q

ampicillin brand name and uses

A
  • Principen
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • meningitis
  • bone/joint infections
  • endocarditis prophylaxis and treatment
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14
Q

ampicillin dosing

A
  • 1-2 grams IV q4-6h

- renally adjust for CrCl < 50 mL/min

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15
Q

amoxicillin / clavulanate brand name and uses

A
  • Augmentin
  • Augmentin ES-600
  • Augmentin XR 1000 mg
  • Sinusitis, otitis media, CAP, SSTIs
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16
Q

amoxicillin / clavulanate general dosing (Augmentin)

A
  • low dose: 250 mg q8h
  • medium dose: 500 mg q8h - q12h
  • high dose: 875 mg q12h
  • take at start of a meal
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17
Q

amoxicillin / clavulanate dosing specific to otitis media in child (Augmentin ES-600)

A
  • 90 mg/kg amox divided q12h

- take at start of a meal

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18
Q

amoxicillin / clavulanate dosing specific to sinusitis/community acquired pneumonia (Augmentin XR 1000 mg)

A
  • 2 tablets q12h

- take at start of a meal

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19
Q

ampicillin / sulbactam brand name and uses

A
  • Unasyn
  • SSTIs
  • CAP
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20
Q

ampicillin / sulbactam dosing

A
  • 1.5-3 grams IV q6h

- renally adjust for CrCl < 30 mL/min

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21
Q

piperacillin / tazobactam brand name and uses

A
  • Zosyn
  • Hospital-acquired / ventilator-associated pneumonia
  • Severe SSTIs
  • intra-abdominal infections
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22
Q

piperacillin / tazobactam dosing

A
  • Hospital-acquired / ventilator-associated pneumonia: traditional -> 4.5 grams IV q6h; extended infusion -> 3.375 grams IV q8h
  • Severe SSTIs: traditional -> 3.375 grams IV q6h; extended infusion -> 3.375 grams IV q8h
  • renally adjust for CrCl < 40 (traditional) or < 20 mL/min (extended infusion)
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23
Q

cephalexin brand name and uses

A
  • Keflex
  • Pharyngitis
  • SSTIs
  • endocarditits prophylaxis
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24
Q

cephalexin dosing

A
  • 250-1000 mg q6h
  • 500 mg q8-12h
  • prefer empty stomach
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25
cefazolin brand name and uses
- Ancef - endocarditis treatment - SSTI treatment - surgical prophylaxis
26
cefazolin dosing
- endocarditis treatment: 2 grams IV q8h -> renally adjust for CrCl < 30 mL/min - SSTI treatment: 1 gram IV q8h -> renally adjust for CrCl < 55 mL/min
27
cefuroxime brand name and uses
- Ceftin - suspension used for child otitis media - tablets used for adult respiratory / upper respiratory
28
cefuroxime dosing
- suspension used for child otitis media: > 3 months: 30 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses -> take the suspension with food - tablets used for adult respiratory / upper respiratory: 250-500 mg q12h OR 500 mg BID for CAP treatment
29
cefdinir brand name and uses
- Omnicef - suspension used for child otitis media - capsules used for adult respiratory / upper respiratory - Pharyngitis / tonsillitis
30
cefdinir dosing
- suspension used for child otitis media: 14 mg/kg/day in 1 or 2 doses - capsules used for adult respiratory / upper respiratory: 300 mg q12h
31
ceftriaxone brand name and uses
- Rocephin - UTIs - gonococcal infections - meningitis - CAP
32
ceftriaxone dosing
- 1-2 grams q12-24h - no renal adjustment needed; high biliary elimination - q12h dosing for meningitis and endocarditis caused by enterococcus
33
cefepime brand name and uses
- Maxipime - febrile neutropenia - HAP/VAP - several nosocomial infections
34
cefepime dosing
- 2 grams IV q8 | - renally adjust for CrCl < 60 mL/min
35
ceftaroline brand name and uses
- Teflaro - CAP - SSTIs
36
ceftaroline dosing
- 600 mg IV q12h | - renally adjust for CrCl < 50 ml/min
37
imipenem / cilastatin brand name and uses
- Primaxin - HAP/VAP - neutropenic fever - intra-abdominal infections
38
imipenem / cilastatin dosing
- 500 mg IV q6h - 1 gram IV q8h - renally adjust for CrCl < 90 ml/min
39
ertapenem brand name and uses
- Invanz - neutropenic fever - intra-abdominal infections
40
ertapenem dosing
- 1 gram IV once daily | - renally adjust for CrCl < 30 ml/min
41
meropenem brand name and uses
- Merrem - HAP/VAP - neutropenic fever - intra-abdominal infections
42
meropenem dosing
- 1-2 grams IV q8h | - renally adjust for CrCl < 50 ml/min
43
erythromycin brand name and uses
- Erythromycin & Ery-Tab | - adult respiratory / upper respiratory
44
erythromycin dosing
- 250 mg q6h to 500 mg q12h | - take with food
45
clarithromycin brand name and uses
- Biaxin 250,500 (XL 500) - adult respiratory / upper respiratory - COPD exacerbation
46
clarithromycin dosing
- low dose: 250 mg q12h - 500 mg q12h or 1000 mg XL q24h - take XL formulation with food
47
azithromycin brand name and uses
- Zithromax - CAP (outpatient) - Suspension: otitis media in child - COPD exacerbation
48
azithromycin dosing
- CAP (outpatient): 500 mg x 1 d, 250 mg x 4 d | - Suspension: otitis media in child -> 10 mg/kg/d x 1d then 5 mg/kg/d x 4d OR 10 mg/kg/d x 3 d OR 30 mg/kg/d x 1 d
49
telithromycin brand name and uses
- Ketek | - severe adult CAP
50
telithromycin dosing
- 800 mg daily | - Black box 2007; patient med guide required
51
ciprofloxacin brand name and uses
- Cipro - Complicated UTIs - Gram (-) pneumonia - intraabdominal infections (with metronidazole)
52
ciprofloxacin dosing
- 250-500 mg q12h (UTI) - 500 mg po (or 400 IV) q12h (abdominal) - 750 mg q12h (respiratory) - take with ample water
53
levofloxacin brand name and uses
- Levaquin - HAP/VAP, CAP - COPD exacerbation - Complicated UTIs
54
levofloxacin dosing
- 250 mg daily (UTI) - 500-750 mg daily (respiratory) - 750 mg daily (nosocomial) - take with ample water
55
moxifloxacin brand name and uses
- Avelox - respiratory / upper respiratory - COPD exacerbation
56
moxifloxacin dosing
- 400 mg daily | - take with ample water
57
delafloxacin brand name and uses
- Baxdela | - SSTIs
58
delafloxacin dosing
- 300 mg IV q12h - 450 mg PO q12h - renally adjust for CrCl < 30 ml/min (IV formulation) - not recommended if CrCl <15 mL/min
59
tetracycline brand name and uses
- Sumycin - Atypical pneumonia: Mycoplasma pneumoniae - Rickettsiae infection - Severe Acne - Chlamydia trachomatis infection
60
tetracycline dosing
- 125-500 mg/day (acne) - 250-500 mg bid - qid (respiratory) - prefer empty stomach; food may be needed

OU Practice Fall 2018 (17 decks)

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