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OU Practice Fall 2018 > Drugs 6:1-28 > Flashcards

Drugs 6:1-28 Flashcards

1
Q

penicillin V potassium brand name and uses

A
  • Veetids
  • Pharyngitis
  • SSTIs
  • endocarditis prophylaxis
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2
Q

penicillin V potassium dosing

A
  • 250-500 mg PO q6-8h

- prefer empty stomach

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3
Q

penicillin G brand name and uses

A
  • Pfizerpen-G
  • neurosyphilis
  • endocarditis treatment
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4
Q

penicillin G dosing

A
  • Low-med: 12–18 million U/24h IV continuously or in 4-6 equally divided doses
  • High: 24 million U/24 h IV either continuously or in 4–6 equally divided doses
  • renally adjust for CrCl < 50 mL/min
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5
Q

dicloxacillin uses

A

staphylococcal infections (SSTIs)

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6
Q

dicloxacillin dosing

A
  • 250-500 mg PO q6h

- prefer empty stomach

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7
Q

nafcillin uses

A
  • endocarditis treatment

- SSTIs

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8
Q

nafcillin dosing

A
  • 2 grams IV q4h

- no renal adjustment needed; hepatically eliminated

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9
Q

amoxicillin brand name and uses

A
  • Amoxil (cap)
  • Moxatag (ER tabs)
  • Pharyngitis
  • otitis media
  • SSTIs
  • endocarditis prophylaxis
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10
Q

amoxicillin general dosing

A
  • 500 mg q8h to 875 mg q12h on empty stomach

- Moxatag 775 mg ER q24h within 1 hr of finishing a meal

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11
Q

amoxicillin dosing specific to endocarditis prophylaxis

A

2 grams 30-60 minutes prior to dental procedure

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12
Q

amoxicillin dosing specific to otitis media in child

A

90 mg/kg divided q8-12h

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13
Q

ampicillin brand name and uses

A
  • Principen
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • meningitis
  • bone/joint infections
  • endocarditis prophylaxis and treatment
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14
Q

ampicillin dosing

A
  • 1-2 grams IV q4-6h

- renally adjust for CrCl < 50 mL/min

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15
Q

amoxicillin / clavulanate brand name and uses

A
  • Augmentin
  • Augmentin ES-600
  • Augmentin XR 1000 mg
  • Sinusitis, otitis media, CAP, SSTIs
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16
Q

amoxicillin / clavulanate general dosing (Augmentin)

A
  • low dose: 250 mg q8h
  • medium dose: 500 mg q8h - q12h
  • high dose: 875 mg q12h
  • take at start of a meal
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17
Q

amoxicillin / clavulanate dosing specific to otitis media in child (Augmentin ES-600)

A
  • 90 mg/kg amox divided q12h

- take at start of a meal

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18
Q

amoxicillin / clavulanate dosing specific to sinusitis/community acquired pneumonia (Augmentin XR 1000 mg)

A
  • 2 tablets q12h

- take at start of a meal

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19
Q

ampicillin / sulbactam brand name and uses

A
  • Unasyn
  • SSTIs
  • CAP
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20
Q

ampicillin / sulbactam dosing

A
  • 1.5-3 grams IV q6h

- renally adjust for CrCl < 30 mL/min

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21
Q

piperacillin / tazobactam brand name and uses

A
  • Zosyn
  • Hospital-acquired / ventilator-associated pneumonia
  • Severe SSTIs
  • intra-abdominal infections
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22
Q

piperacillin / tazobactam dosing

A
  • Hospital-acquired / ventilator-associated pneumonia: traditional -> 4.5 grams IV q6h; extended infusion -> 3.375 grams IV q8h
  • Severe SSTIs: traditional -> 3.375 grams IV q6h; extended infusion -> 3.375 grams IV q8h
  • renally adjust for CrCl < 40 (traditional) or < 20 mL/min (extended infusion)
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23
Q

cephalexin brand name and uses

A
  • Keflex
  • Pharyngitis
  • SSTIs
  • endocarditits prophylaxis
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24
Q

cephalexin dosing

A
  • 250-1000 mg q6h
  • 500 mg q8-12h
  • prefer empty stomach
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25
Q

cefazolin brand name and uses

A
  • Ancef
  • endocarditis treatment
  • SSTI treatment
  • surgical prophylaxis
26
Q

cefazolin dosing

A
  • endocarditis treatment: 2 grams IV q8h -> renally adjust for CrCl < 30 mL/min
  • SSTI treatment: 1 gram IV q8h -> renally adjust for CrCl < 55 mL/min
27
Q

cefuroxime brand name and uses

A
  • Ceftin
  • suspension used for child otitis media
  • tablets used for adult respiratory / upper respiratory
28
Q

cefuroxime dosing

A
  • suspension used for child otitis media: > 3 months: 30 mg/kg/day in 2 divided doses -> take the suspension with food
  • tablets used for adult respiratory / upper respiratory: 250-500 mg q12h OR 500 mg BID for CAP treatment
29
Q

cefdinir brand name and uses

A
  • Omnicef
  • suspension used for child otitis media
  • capsules used for adult respiratory / upper respiratory
  • Pharyngitis / tonsillitis
30
Q

cefdinir dosing

A
  • suspension used for child otitis media: 14 mg/kg/day in 1 or 2 doses
  • capsules used for adult respiratory / upper respiratory: 300 mg q12h
31
Q

ceftriaxone brand name and uses

A
  • Rocephin
  • UTIs
  • gonococcal infections
  • meningitis
  • CAP
32
Q

ceftriaxone dosing

A
  • 1-2 grams q12-24h
  • no renal adjustment needed; high biliary elimination
  • q12h dosing for meningitis and endocarditis caused by enterococcus
33
Q

cefepime brand name and uses

A
  • Maxipime
  • febrile neutropenia
  • HAP/VAP
  • several nosocomial infections
34
Q

cefepime dosing

A
  • 2 grams IV q8

- renally adjust for CrCl < 60 mL/min

35
Q

ceftaroline brand name and uses

A
  • Teflaro
  • CAP
  • SSTIs
36
Q

ceftaroline dosing

A
  • 600 mg IV q12h

- renally adjust for CrCl < 50 ml/min

37
Q

imipenem / cilastatin brand name and uses

A
  • Primaxin
  • HAP/VAP
  • neutropenic fever
  • intra-abdominal infections
38
Q

imipenem / cilastatin dosing

A
  • 500 mg IV q6h
  • 1 gram IV q8h
  • renally adjust for CrCl < 90 ml/min
39
Q

ertapenem brand name and uses

A
  • Invanz
  • neutropenic fever
  • intra-abdominal infections
40
Q

ertapenem dosing

A
  • 1 gram IV once daily

- renally adjust for CrCl < 30 ml/min

41
Q

meropenem brand name and uses

A
  • Merrem
  • HAP/VAP
  • neutropenic fever
  • intra-abdominal infections
42
Q

meropenem dosing

A
  • 1-2 grams IV q8h

- renally adjust for CrCl < 50 ml/min

43
Q

erythromycin brand name and uses

A
  • Erythromycin & Ery-Tab

- adult respiratory / upper respiratory

44
Q

erythromycin dosing

A
  • 250 mg q6h to 500 mg q12h

- take with food

45
Q

clarithromycin brand name and uses

A
  • Biaxin 250,500 (XL 500)
  • adult respiratory / upper respiratory
  • COPD exacerbation
46
Q

clarithromycin dosing

A
  • low dose: 250 mg q12h
  • 500 mg q12h or 1000 mg XL q24h
  • take XL formulation with food
47
Q

azithromycin brand name and uses

A
  • Zithromax
  • CAP (outpatient)
  • Suspension: otitis media in child
  • COPD exacerbation
48
Q

azithromycin dosing

A
  • CAP (outpatient): 500 mg x 1 d, 250 mg x 4 d

- Suspension: otitis media in child -> 10 mg/kg/d x 1d then 5 mg/kg/d x 4d OR 10 mg/kg/d x 3 d OR 30 mg/kg/d x 1 d

49
Q

telithromycin brand name and uses

A
  • Ketek

- severe adult CAP

50
Q

telithromycin dosing

A
  • 800 mg daily

- Black box 2007; patient med guide required

51
Q

ciprofloxacin brand name and uses

A
  • Cipro
  • Complicated UTIs
  • Gram (-) pneumonia
  • intraabdominal infections (with metronidazole)
52
Q

ciprofloxacin dosing

A
  • 250-500 mg q12h (UTI)
  • 500 mg po (or 400 IV) q12h (abdominal)
  • 750 mg q12h (respiratory)
  • take with ample water
53
Q

levofloxacin brand name and uses

A
  • Levaquin
  • HAP/VAP, CAP
  • COPD exacerbation
  • Complicated UTIs
54
Q

levofloxacin dosing

A
  • 250 mg daily (UTI)
  • 500-750 mg daily (respiratory)
  • 750 mg daily (nosocomial)
  • take with ample water
55
Q

moxifloxacin brand name and uses

A
  • Avelox
  • respiratory / upper respiratory
  • COPD exacerbation
56
Q

moxifloxacin dosing

A
  • 400 mg daily

- take with ample water

57
Q

delafloxacin brand name and uses

A
  • Baxdela

- SSTIs

58
Q

delafloxacin dosing

A
  • 300 mg IV q12h
  • 450 mg PO q12h
  • renally adjust for CrCl < 30 ml/min (IV formulation)
  • not recommended if CrCl <15 mL/min
59
Q

tetracycline brand name and uses

A
  • Sumycin
  • Atypical pneumonia: Mycoplasma pneumoniae
  • Rickettsiae infection
  • Severe Acne
  • Chlamydia trachomatis infection
60
Q

tetracycline dosing

A
  • 125-500 mg/day (acne)
  • 250-500 mg bid - qid (respiratory)
  • prefer empty stomach; food may be needed

OU Practice Fall 2018 (17 decks)

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