Drug Profiles: Dopamine, Epinephrine

Question 1

epinephrine: contraindications

Answer 1

none when used in emergency situations, however in patients with a pulse, use caution if they have underlying cardiovascular disease, hypertension, or tachydysrhythmias.

Question 1

epinephrine: interactions

Answer 1

sodium bicarbonate can deactivate catecholamines. MAO inhibitors potentiate the effects of epinephrine (Marplan, Eutonyl, Parnate, Nardil)

Question 2

Dopamine: interactions

Answer 2

sodium bicarbonate can deactivate catecholamines. MAO inhibitors potentiate the effects of dopamine (Marplan, Eutonyl, Parnate, Nardil)

Question 3

epinephrine: pharmacokinetics

Answer 3

onset: IV immediate onset: IM 5 to 10 minutes onset: SQ 6 to 15 minutes

Question 4

epinephrine: side effects

Answer 4

increased myocardial oxygen demand, ischemia, tachydysrhythmias, and anxiety.

Question 4

dopamine: mechanism of action

Answer 4

dopamine stimulates Alford, beta-1, and dopaminergic receptors. It also acts indirectly by causing release of norepinephrine from storage sites in the sympathetic nerve endings.the effects of dopamine are dose-related. At low doses, beta-1 and dopaminergic receptors are stimulated. At high doses out for the effects predominate.

Question 6

Epinephrine: Class

Answer 6

sympathomimetic

Question 7

dopamine: side effects

Answer 7

increased myocardial oxygen demand, ischemia, tachydysrhythmias.

Question 7

dopamine: dosage

Answer 7

2-20mcg/kg/minute IV infusion; improve cardiac output (beta):5-10 mcg/kg/minute; increase per feel vascular resistance (Alpha): 10-20 mcg/kg/minute.

Question 7

Dopamine: how supplied

Answer 7

prefilled syringes and ampoules of either 400 or 800 mg. Premix bags with either 400 or 800 mg in 250 to 500 mL. Concentrations of mixtures vary, but most commonly are 1600 mcg/mL

Question 9

epinephrine: dosage

Answer 9

cardiac arrest: 1 mg/3-5 minutes IV (1:10,000), 2 mg/3-5 minutes ETT bradycardia: 2-10 mcg/minute anaphylaxis: 0.3–0.5 mg IM every 5–15 minutes (1:1000), 0.3-0.5 mg 3-5 minutes slow IV (1:10000). Croup 0.5 mL via nebulizer (2.25% racemic epinephrine added to 3 mL saline)

Question 10

dopamine: class

Answer 10

sympathomimetic, vasopressin

Question 11

dopamine: contraindications

Answer 11

pheochromocytoma, uncorrected tachydysrhythmia (except sinus tachycardia).

Question 12

epinephrine: indications

Answer 12

cardiac arrest: asystole and V-fib/tach without a pulse, PEA.also used in bradycardia (as a drip medicine only), anaphylaxis bronchospasm/constriction, and croup (racemic)

Question 14

Dopamine: pharmacokinetics

Answer 14

IV drip administration has a rapid onset and will last as long as the drug is being infused.

Question 15

epinephrine: mechanism of action

Answer 15

epinephrine stimulates out for an beta and their adrenergic receptors. Because of these affects the drug causes: proof you’ll vasoconstriction increased inotropic, chronic tropic, and drama tropic response; and bronchial dilation. Inhibits mast cell degranulation.

Question 17

epinephrine: side effects

Answer 17

increased myocardial oxygen demand, ischemia, tachydysrhythmias, and anxiety.

Question 18

Dopamine: precautions

Answer 18

extravasation will cause tissue necrosis

Question 19

Dopamine: indications

Answer 19

1 Significantly symptomatic hypotension (most commonly septic or cardiogenic shock). With the possible exception of cardiogenic shock, fluid resuscitation mast be attempted before the administration of dopamine.in the prehospital setting, dopamine is not used for shock in the setting of trauma. #2 Bradycardia refractory to atropine.