Drug Profiles: Albuterol, Ipratropium Bromide Flashcards
ipratropium bromide: how supplied
Unit dose vials, “fish”containing 500 mcg (0.02% inhalation solution) of the drug already diluted in 2.5 mL saline.
ipratropium bromide: side effects
palpitations, anxiety, dizziness
albuterol: class
sympathomimetic (beta-2 agonist)
albuterol: mechanism of action
Bronchodilation by stimulating beta-2 receptors of the bronchi. Has minimal beta-1 stimulation; also stimulates cellular uptake of potassium.
ipratropium bromide: class
anticholinergic bronchodilator, parasympatholytic, anti-muscarinic
albuterol: indications
Asthma, COPD, wheezing associated with pulmonary edema (cardiac asthma), shortness of breath associated with pneumonia or anaphylaxis. Maybe used for symptomatic hyperkalemia.
ipratropium bromide: mechanism of action
Ipratropium is a form of atropine given by inhalation. It antagonizes muscarinic cholinergic receptors in the bronchi, producing bronchodilation.
albuterol: pharmacokinetics
onset: immediate
albuterol: interactions
Side effects may increase when administered with other sympathomimetics. Beta blockers may blunt affects of albuterol.
albuterol: side effects
hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, palpitations
ipratropium bromide: precautions
Delayed onset of action; not use as sole bronchodilator in emergent setting.
albuterol: precautions,
Monitor ECG.Treatment with albuterol rarely produces appreciable cardiac or systemic effects.
albuterol: dosage
2.5 mg in 3 mL saline, supplied in plastic “fish” to be administered in med-neb. Dosage intervals vary by protocol, acceptable to administer continuous nebulizer treatments if needed.
ipratropium bromide: dosage
Usually administered with a Beta agonist (albuterol). 500 mcg nebulized.
albuterol: contraindications
none in prehospital setting
