Downing Cells Female Test 2

Question 1

Estrogen Producing Cells

Answer 1

Theca cells ad granulosa cells

Question 2

Progesterone producing cells

Answer 2

Corpus luteum

Question 3

OoGenesis progression

Answer 3

Oogonia, primary oocyte, secondary oocyte

Question 4

Oogonia

Answer 4

46 chromosomes, original egg cell prior to birth

Question 5

Primary Oocyte

Answer 5

46 chromosomes, are the eggs at birth, Arrested in Prophase I

Question 6

Secondary Oocyte

Answer 6

23 Chromosomes, Arrested at Metaphase II, are the egg maturing and released at ovulation. 1 polar body produced to create secondary oocyte

Question 7

Ova

Answer 7

Once fertilized, the secondary Oocyte rapidly divides producing another polar body.

Question 8

Follicular Cells

Answer 8

Singer layer of flattened cells surrounding the primordial follicles, contain FSH receptors.

Question 9

Primary Follicles

Answer 9

20-50 respond each menstrual cycle, surround primary oocyte. one follicle becomes dominant and rest undergo atresia

Question 10

Secondary Follicles

Answer 10

begins to form antral space, primar oocyte. contains Theca folliculi

Question 11

Theca interna

Answer 11

highly vascular theca falliculi layer of secondary follicle responsible for androgen production

Question 12

Theca Externa

Answer 12

Fusiform cells and collagen, no known function

Question 13

Mature follicles

Answer 13

LH surge signals final maturation, resumption of meiosis, primary oocyte becomes secondary and is arrested at metaphase II until fertilization. LH surge leads to ovulation and rupture of follicle.

Question 14

FSH function

Answer 14

Granulosa cell growth and estrogen synthesis, Estrogen stimulates increase in LH receptors

Question 15

LH

Answer 15

Stimulates thecal cell growth and androgen production, granulosa cells convert androgens to estrogens

Question 16

Corpus luteum

Answer 16

Temporary glandular structure, thecal lutein cells secrete progesterone. If pregnancy occurrs, it is maintained by HCG, persists during first trimester.

Question 17

Estrogen

Answer 17

Produced by growing follicles, induces maturation of female reproductive tract, incluences growth of mamary glands in pregnancy

Question 18

Progesterone

Answer 18

Produced by the corpus luteum, causes uterus to secrete layer for endometrial lining, prepares uterus for implantation of fertilized ovum, inhibits uterine contractions

Question 19

Relaxin

Answer 19

Produced by corpus luteum and decidual cells., inhibits contraction of myometrium during pregnancy, dilates cervix,

Question 20

Inhibin

Answer 20

Produces follicular fluid, negative feedback on FSH production

Question 21

Basal layer of endometrium

Answer 21

Responsible for regenerating functional layer of endometrium

Question 22

Blood supply to endometrium

Answer 22

one to basal layer, one to endometrium

Question 23

Proliferative phase

Answer 23

Begins at end of menstrual flow days 7-14, induced by estrogen, 2-3x increase in endometrial thickness, numerous mitoses in glands and stroma, coiled arteries elongate but do not reach superficial endometrium

Question 24

Secretory Phase

Answer 24

days 15-26 ovulation precipitates corpus luteum formation, Increase in progesterone and then estrogen, endometrial thickening
coiled arteries elongate preparing for conceptus

Question 25

Premenstrual phase

Answer 25

days 27-28, coiled arteries constrict, corpus luteum regresses, coiled arteries periodically constrict and then permanently constrict at day 28, endometrial detachement begins

Question 26

menstrual phase

Answer 26

functional layer of endometriumm undergoes complete necrosis and is shed, venous seepage, clots- RBC aggregates

Question 27

Cervical mucosa

Answer 27

not shed with menses, composed of columnar epithelium, produces mucus