Diabetes Drugs

Question 1

Metformin

Answer 1

Down regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis, lipid lowering,

AE: lactic acidosis

Question 2

Insulin receptor

Answer 2

tyrosine kinase

Question 3

amylin

Answer 3

created in B cell with insulin, inhibits glucagon secretion, induces satiety

Question 4

Glucagon receptor

Answer 4

G- protein receptor

Question 5

Glut 4

Answer 5

activated by insulin

Question 6

Glut 2

Answer 6

pancreatic islet cells, bidirectional

Question 7

Glimepiride

Answer 7

Insulin secretagogues, bind to K channel closing it and releasing more insulin. sulfonylurea

Question 8

Lispro insulin

Answer 8

rapid acting insulin, short duration

Question 9

NPH Insulin

Answer 9

Intermediate acting insulin

Question 10

Glargine insulin

Answer 10

long acting insulin, stable levels

Question 11

Detemir Insulin

Answer 11

Long acting insulin, stable levels

Question 12

Repaglinide

Answer 12

Insulin secretagoue, K channel blocker leading to insulin release

Question 13

Nateglinide

Answer 13

Insulin secretagoue, K channel blocker leading to insulin release

Question 14

Exenatide

Answer 14

(Incretin mimic) GLP-1 analog stimulates insulin and inhibits glucagon

Question 15

Sitagliptin

Answer 15

DDP-IV inhibitor, prevent incretin degredation -> promotes insulin release

Question 16

Acarbose

Answer 16

Glucosidase inhibitor, prevents carbohydrates from being broken down into monosaccharides, slows digestion, taken with meals,

Question 17

Miglitol

Answer 17

Glucosidase inhibitor, prevents carbohydrates from being broken down into monosaccharides, slows digestion, taken with meals,

Question 18

Pramlintide

Answer 18

Amylin receptor agonist, inhibits glucagon release and increases satiety

Question 19

Rosiglitazone

Answer 19

Increased uptake and storage of glucose in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues by increasing GLUT transporters

Question 20

Glipizide

Answer 20

Insulin secretagogues, bind to K channel closing it and releasing more insulin. sulfonylurea

Question 21

Liraglutide

Answer 21

(Incretin mimic) GLP-1 analog stimulates insulin and inhibits glucagon

Question 22

Diagnosis of Diabetes

Answer 22

Fasting glucose greater than 126 on more than 1 occasion, or random blood glucose >200 with symptoms or A1C >6.5%

Question 23

Hemoglobin A1C target

Answer 23

<8% in the elderly

Question 24

Metabolic Syndrome diagnosis

Answer 24

at least 3) waistline> 40men, 35 women, BP> 135/80, Triglycerides>150, fasting blood glucose>100 or taking medications to lower glucose, HDL< 40men, <50 women