Contraceptives Flashcards
Calender method
avoid sex 5 days prior and 3 days after ovulation
Best STI protection
Condoms
Estrogen/ Progesterone
Inhibiton of midcycle surge of GnRH preventign ovulation
drospirenone
(yaz) spironolactone analog, antimineralocorticoid and antiandrogenic effects
increased K and thromboembolic risk
Norethindrone
least androgenic 1/2 generation progestin. slight improvement in lipid profile
Levonorgestrel
Most widely prescribed progesterone. 2nd generation
Norgestimate
3rd gen progestin, less androgenic effect, good choice for individuals with dyslipidemia, acne, but higher thromboembolic potential
Desogrestrel
3rd gen progestin, less androgenic effect, good choice for individuals with dyslipidemia, acne, but higher thromboembolic potential
Dienogest
Monophasic progesterone combined with estrogen, 3 weeks on, 3 week placebo. Can do extended cycle or no periods
Early bleeding days1-10
increase estrogen
Later bleeding > day 10
increase progesterone
Nuva Ring
ethinyl estradiol and etonogestrel inserted for 3 weeks, removed for one. Plastic
Transdermal Patch
ethinyl estradiol and norelgestromin. once patch a week for 3 weeks, then one week off. good efficacy, greater failure rate in women .90 Kg
Estrogen contraceptives AE
deminish milk supply, increased chance of thromboembolism, endometrial cancer,
Progesterone only Contraceptives
“mini pill” Inhibit ovulation, causes changes in cervical mucous, decreased sperm motility, used while breast feeding, AE: irregular bleeding, androgenicity, need regular dosing, breakthrough ovulation with missed dose. no risk of MI, stroke, endometrial cancer etc.
medroxyprogesterone acetate
depo shot. IM every 3 months, start w/in 5 days of beginning of menstrual cycle, bone resorption due to induced estrogen deficiency. limits use to 2 years
implants
Rods placed under skin,3/5 year effectiveness
progesterone
Implanon/ Nexplanon
etonogestrel one rod progesterone insert
Jadelle
levonorgestrel two rod system effective for 5 years
Plan B
OTC all ages, take within 72 hours of sex. 1 pill
Ulipristal acetate
plan B up to 5 days after sex, progesteron agonist/ antagonist
Copper IUD
induces foriegn body reaction in endometrium causing inflammatory response preventing sperm from reaching fallopian tubes. for women who want regular periods, no hormones
Slow release progesterone IUD
mirena-leconorgestrel
inhibits ovulation and sperm survival 5 year effectiveness
irregular bleeding/ ammenorrhea
leconorgestrel IUD
Skyla. 3 year effectiveness, approved for nulliparous women
irregular bleeding/ ammenorrhea
tubal
still need 3 months of backup contraception
Vasectomy
ligation of vas deferens, 20 ejaculations or 3 months following need to use additional contraception. must have semen analysis to confirm good.
