DNA

Question 1

What is DNA

Answer 1

Blueprint/instructions to make everything in the cell that it needs to live

Question 2

What is the structure of DNA

Answer 2

Double helix formed by 2 strands of alternating sugar and phosphate pairs (nucleotides)- held together by hydrogen bonds

Question 3

What are histones

Answer 3

What DNA strands are coiled around so they can fit into the small space

Question 4

What are genes

Answer 4

Sections of DNA that contain genetic code

Question 5

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)

Answer 5

Exists in the mitochondria only, codes for around 37 genes all related to mitochondrial function

Question 6

Nuclear DNA location, shape, size, inheritance, function

Answer 6

Nucleus, double helix, long strands, maternal and paternal, contains genes

Question 7

Mitochondrial DNA location, shape, size, inheritance, function

Answer 7

Mitochondria, circular, small circular molecules, maternal, contains genes

Question 8

What are nucleotides

Answer 8

Pentose sugar (ribose of deoxyribose), attached to a phosphate and one nitrogenous base

Question 9

Steps of DNA replication

Answer 9

Helicase breaks the weak hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases to separate the strands of DNA, DNA polymerase binds to each strand of DNA, which is a template for the new strand to be produced, DNA polymerase adds complementary free floating nucleotides according to the base pair rule as it moves along the strand and reforms the bonds of the backbone (sugar and phosphate)

Question 10

What is semi-conservative DNA

Answer 10

When 1 strand is new and 1 strand is old